Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2015 Dec;31(8):861-874.
doi: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2015.10.087. Epub 2015 Dec 1.

Track structure modeling in liquid water: A review of the Geant4-DNA very low energy extension of the Geant4 Monte Carlo simulation toolkit

M A Bernal  1 , M C Bordage  2 , J M C Brown  3 , M Davídková  4 , E Delage  5 , Z El Bitar  6 , S A Enger  7 , Z Francis  8 , S Guatelli  9 , V N Ivanchenko  10 , M Karamitros  11 , I Kyriakou  12 , L Maigne  5 , S Meylan  13 , K Murakami  14 , S Okada  14 , H Payno  5 , Y Perrot  5 , I Petrovic  15 , Q T Pham  5 , A Ristic-Fira  15 , T Sasaki  14 , V Štěpán  4 , H N Tran  16 , C Villagrasa  13 , S Incerti  17
Affiliations
Review

Track structure modeling in liquid water: A review of the Geant4-DNA very low energy extension of the Geant4 Monte Carlo simulation toolkit

M A Bernal et al. Phys Med. 2015 Dec.

Abstract

Understanding the fundamental mechanisms involved in the induction of biological damage by ionizing radiation remains a major challenge of today's radiobiology research. The Monte Carlo simulation of physical, physicochemical and chemical processes involved may provide a powerful tool for the simulation of early damage induction. The Geant4-DNA extension of the general purpose Monte Carlo Geant4 simulation toolkit aims to provide the scientific community with an open source access platform for the mechanistic simulation of such early damage. This paper presents the most recent review of the Geant4-DNA extension, as available to Geant4 users since June 2015 (release 10.2 Beta). In particular, the review includes the description of new physical models for the description of electron elastic and inelastic interactions in liquid water, as well as new examples dedicated to the simulation of physicochemical and chemical stages of water radiolysis. Several implementations of geometrical models of biological targets are presented as well, and the list of Geant4-DNA examples is described.

Keywords: Geant4-DNA; Ionizing radiation; Monte Carlo; Radiobiology; Radiolysis.

PubMed Disclaimer

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

Publication types

LinkOut - more resources