Morning and evening physical exercise differentially regulate the autonomic nervous system during nocturnal sleep in humans
- PMID: 26333783
- DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00127.2015
Morning and evening physical exercise differentially regulate the autonomic nervous system during nocturnal sleep in humans
Abstract
Effects of daily physical exercise in the morning or in the evening were examined on circadian rhythms in plasma melatonin and core body temperature of healthy young males who stayed in an experimental facility for 7 days under dim light conditions (<10 lux). Sleep polysomnogram (PSG) and heart rate variability (HRV) were also measured. Subjects performed 2-h intermittent physical exercise with a bicycle ergometer at ZT3 or at ZT10 for four consecutive days, where zeitgeber time 0 (ZT0) was the time of wake-up. The rising phase of plasma melatonin rhythm was delayed by 1.1 h without exercise. Phase-delay shifts of a similar extent were detected by morning and evening exercise. But the falling phase shifted only after evening exercise by 1.0 h. The sleep PSG did not change after morning exercise, while Stage 1+2 sleep significantly decreased by 13.0% without exercise, and RE sleep decreased by 10.5% after evening exercise. The nocturnal decline of rectal temperature was attenuated by evening exercise, but not by morning exercise. HRV during sleep changed differentially. Very low frequency (VLF) waves increased without exercise. VLF, low frequency (LF), and high frequency (HF) waves increased after morning exercise, whereas HR increased after evening exercise. Morning exercise eventually enhanced the parasympathetic activity, as indicated by HRV, while evening exercise activated the sympathetic activity, as indicated by increase in heart rate in the following nocturnal sleep. These findings indicated differential effects of morning and evening exercise on the circadian melatonin rhythm, PSG, and HRV.
Keywords: autonomic nervous system; body temperature; heart rate variability; melatonin; physical exercise; sleep EEG.
Copyright © 2015 the American Physiological Society.
Similar articles
-
Physical exercise accelerates reentrainment of human sleep-wake cycle but not of plasma melatonin rhythm to 8-h phase-advanced sleep schedule.Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2010 Mar;298(3):R681-91. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.00345.2009. Epub 2009 Dec 30. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2010. PMID: 20042689
-
A circadian rhythm in heart rate variability contributes to the increased cardiac sympathovagal response to awakening in the morning.Chronobiol Int. 2012 Jul;29(6):757-68. doi: 10.3109/07420528.2012.674592. Chronobiol Int. 2012. PMID: 22734576
-
Relationship of endogenous circadian melatonin and temperature rhythms to self-reported preference for morning or evening activity in young and older people.J Investig Med. 1999 Mar;47(3):141-50. J Investig Med. 1999. PMID: 10198570 Free PMC article.
-
The relationship between insomnia and body temperatures.Sleep Med Rev. 2008 Aug;12(4):307-17. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2008.02.003. Sleep Med Rev. 2008. PMID: 18603220 Review.
-
Circadian mechanisms of 24-hour blood pressure regulation and patterning.Sleep Med Rev. 2017 Jun;33:4-16. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2016.02.003. Epub 2016 Mar 2. Sleep Med Rev. 2017. PMID: 27076261 Review.
Cited by
-
Treadmill training impacts the skeletal muscle molecular clock after ischemia stroke in rats.Heliyon. 2024 Mar 12;10(6):e27430. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27430. eCollection 2024 Mar 30. Heliyon. 2024. PMID: 38509905 Free PMC article.
-
The circadian activity rhythms for elderly inpatients with stroke or motor diseases in a rehabilitation facility and its relationship to physical activity level.Sleep Biol Rhythms. 2023 Sep 29;22(1):125-135. doi: 10.1007/s41105-023-00488-8. eCollection 2024 Jan. Sleep Biol Rhythms. 2023. PMID: 38469581 Free PMC article.
-
Effects of exercise timing and intensity on physiological circadian rhythm and sleep quality: a systematic review.Phys Act Nutr. 2023 Sep;27(3):52-63. doi: 10.20463/pan.2023.0029. Epub 2023 Sep 30. Phys Act Nutr. 2023. PMID: 37946447 Free PMC article.
-
Effects of exercise on circadian rhythms in humans.Front Pharmacol. 2023 Oct 11;14:1282357. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1282357. eCollection 2023. Front Pharmacol. 2023. PMID: 37886134 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Circadian Reinforcement Therapy in Combination With Electronic Self-Monitoring to Facilitate a Safe Postdischarge Period for Patients With Major Depression: Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR Ment Health. 2023 Nov 27;10:e50072. doi: 10.2196/50072. JMIR Ment Health. 2023. PMID: 37800194 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Medical
Research Materials
Miscellaneous