Efficacy of a multi micronutrient-fortified drink in improving iron and micronutrient status among schoolchildren with low iron stores in India: a randomised, double-masked placebo-controlled trial
- PMID: 23232585
- DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2012.188
Efficacy of a multi micronutrient-fortified drink in improving iron and micronutrient status among schoolchildren with low iron stores in India: a randomised, double-masked placebo-controlled trial
Abstract
Background/objectives: A multiple micronutrient-fortified drink could be an effective strategy to combating micronutrient deficiencies in school going children. To assess the efficacy of a multiple micronutrient-fortified drink in reducing iron deficiency (ID), ID anemia (IDA), anemia and improving micronutrient status among schoolchildren with low iron stores. The study employed a school-based, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design.
Subjects/methods: Schoolchildren with low serum ferritin (SF <20 μg/l) (n=246), aged 6-12 years were randomly assigned to receive either a multi-micronutrient fortified or an unfortified identical control drink. The drinks were provided 6 days/week for 8 weeks. Anthropometric and biochemical assessments were taken at baseline and endline.
Results: Study groups at baseline were comparable, and compliance to the intervention was similar. The overall prevalence of ID, IDA and anemia was 64%, 19% and 24%, respectively. The prevalence of ID, IDA, vitamin C and vitamin B₁₂ deficiencies significantly reduced by 42%, 18%, 21% and 5%, respectively, in the intervention arm (P<0.01) as compared with the control arm at the end of the study. Similarly, the concentration of hemoglobin, SF, vitamin A, vitamin B₁₂, vitamin C and body iron stores were significantly higher in the intervention arm in comparison to the control arm (P<0.001). Red cell folate levels also improved significantly in the intervention arm (P=0.04), however, serum zinc status did not change in either of the study arms. Children who had received the fortified drink had significantly lower odds of being ID (0.15; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.09-0.27), IDA (0.14; 95% CI: 0.04-0.52), vitamin B₁₂ deficient (0.36; 95% CI: 0.18-0.73) and vitamin C deficient (0.24; 95% CI: 0.13-0.46), after adjusting for baseline age, gender and weight.
Conclusions: The multi micronutrient-fortified drink was efficacious in reducing the prevalence of ID, IDA, vitamin C and vitamin B₁₂ deficiency and improved micronutrient status in schoolchildren.
Similar articles
-
The effects of regular consumption of a multiple micronutrient fortified milk beverage on the micronutrient status of school children and on their mental and physical performance.Clin Nutr. 2016 Feb;35(1):190-198. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2015.02.001. Epub 2015 Feb 21. Clin Nutr. 2016. PMID: 25746819 Clinical Trial.
-
Fortified juice drink improved iron and zinc status of schoolchildren.Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2011;20(4):535-43. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2011. PMID: 22094838 Clinical Trial.
-
Impact of Multi-Micronutrient Fortified Rice on Hemoglobin, Iron and Vitamin A Status of Cambodian Schoolchildren: a Double-Blind Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial.Nutrients. 2016 Jan 7;8(1):29. doi: 10.3390/nu8010029. Nutrients. 2016. PMID: 26751473 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
-
Home fortification of foods with multiple micronutrient powders for health and nutrition in children under two years of age (Review).Evid Based Child Health. 2013 Jan;8(1):112-201. doi: 10.1002/ebch.1895. Evid Based Child Health. 2013. PMID: 23878126 Review.
-
Nutrition-specific interventions for preventing and controlling anaemia throughout the life cycle: an overview of systematic reviews.Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021 Sep 26;9(9):CD013092. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD013092.pub2. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021. PMID: 34564844 Free PMC article. Review.
Cited by
-
Micronutrients and cognitive functions among urban school-going children and adolescents: A cross-sectional multicentric study from India.PLoS One. 2023 Feb 2;18(2):e0281247. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281247. eCollection 2023. PLoS One. 2023. PMID: 36730336 Free PMC article.
-
Effectiveness of a fortified drink in improving B vitamin biomarkers in older adults: a controlled intervention trial.Nutr Metab (Lond). 2021 Dec 7;18(1):104. doi: 10.1186/s12986-021-00630-8. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2021. PMID: 34876175 Free PMC article.
-
Plant-Based Dietary Practices and Socioeconomic Factors That Influence Anemia in India.Nutrients. 2021 Oct 9;13(10):3538. doi: 10.3390/nu13103538. Nutrients. 2021. PMID: 34684539 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Serum Trace Element Levels and Their Correlation with Picky Eating Behavior, Development, and Physical Activity in Early Childhood.Nutrients. 2021 Jul 2;13(7):2295. doi: 10.3390/nu13072295. Nutrients. 2021. PMID: 34371805 Free PMC article.
-
Effects of Foods Fortified with Zinc, Alone or Cofortified with Multiple Micronutrients, on Health and Functional Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Adv Nutr. 2021 Oct 1;12(5):1821-1837. doi: 10.1093/advances/nmab065. Adv Nutr. 2021. PMID: 34167148 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources