Functional and physiological role of vitamin C transporters
- PMID: 23177992
- DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-394316-3.00011-9
Functional and physiological role of vitamin C transporters
Abstract
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is required for the synthesis of collagen, carnitine, catecholamine and the neurotransmitter norepinephrine. Vitamin C also plays an important role in protection against oxidative stress. Transporters for vitamin C and its oxidized form dehydroascorbate (DHA) are crucial to keep vitamin concentrations optimal in the body. The human SLC23 family consists of the Na(+)-dependent vitamin C transporters SVCT1 (SLC23A1) and SVCT2 (SLC23A2) and the orphan transporter SVCT3 (SLC23A3). Phylogenetically, the SLC23 family belongs to the nucleobase-ascorbate transporter family although no specificity for nucleobases has yet been demonstrated for the human members of this family. In fact, the SVCT1 and SVCT2 transporters are rather specific for ascorbic acid. SVCT1 is expressed in epithelial tissues such as intestine, where it contributes to the maintenance of whole-body ascorbic acid levels, whereas the expression of SVCT2 is relatively widespread either to protect metabolically active cells and specialized tissues from oxidative stress or to deliver ascorbic acid to tissues that are in high demand of the vitamin for enzymatic reactions. DHA, the oxidized form of ascorbic acid is taken up and distributed in the body by facilitated transport via members of the SLC2/GLUT family (GLUT1, GLUT3, and GLUT4). Although, the main focus of this review is on the SLC23 family of ascorbic acid transporters, transporters of DHA and nucleobases are also briefly discussed for completeness.
Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Similar articles
-
The sodium-dependent ascorbic acid transporter family SLC23.Mol Aspects Med. 2013 Apr-Jun;34(2-3):436-54. doi: 10.1016/j.mam.2012.12.002. Mol Aspects Med. 2013. PMID: 23506882 Review.
-
A family of mammalian Na+-dependent L-ascorbic acid transporters.Nature. 1999 May 6;399(6731):70-5. doi: 10.1038/19986. Nature. 1999. PMID: 10331392
-
Molecular characterization and transcriptional regulation of the sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter genes (slc23a1 and slc23a2) in a teleost fish, the Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis).Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 2012 Mar;161(3):208-18. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2011.11.010. Epub 2011 Nov 30. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 2012. PMID: 22142801
-
Ascorbic acid depletion enhances expression of the sodium-dependent vitamin C transporters, SVCT1 and SVCT2, and uptake of ascorbic acid in livers of SMP30/GNL knockout mice.Arch Biochem Biophys. 2010 Apr 1;496(1):38-44. doi: 10.1016/j.abb.2010.01.012. Epub 2010 Feb 1. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2010. PMID: 20122894
-
Regulation of vitamin C transport.Annu Rev Nutr. 2005;25:105-25. doi: 10.1146/annurev.nutr.25.050304.092647. Annu Rev Nutr. 2005. PMID: 16011461 Review.
Cited by
-
Addition of Vitamin C Does Not Decrease Neuron-Specific Enolase Levels in Adult Survivors of Cardiac Arrest-Results of a Randomized Trial.Medicina (Kaunas). 2024 Jan 5;60(1):103. doi: 10.3390/medicina60010103. Medicina (Kaunas). 2024. PMID: 38256364 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
-
The cross-sectional relationship between vitamin C and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels: insights from NHANES database.Front Nutr. 2023 Nov 10;10:1290749. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1290749. eCollection 2023. Front Nutr. 2023. PMID: 38024382 Free PMC article.
-
Oxidative stress, the blood-brain barrier and neurodegenerative diseases: The critical beneficial role of dietary antioxidants.Acta Pharm Sin B. 2023 Oct;13(10):3988-4024. doi: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.07.010. Epub 2023 Jul 16. Acta Pharm Sin B. 2023. PMID: 37799389 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Ascorbic Acid and the Premature Infant.Nutrients. 2022 May 24;14(11):2189. doi: 10.3390/nu14112189. Nutrients. 2022. PMID: 35683989 Free PMC article.
-
Dietary Vitamin C and Vitamin C Derived from Vegetables Are Inversely Associated with the Risk of Depressive Symptoms among the General Population.Antioxidants (Basel). 2021 Dec 13;10(12):1984. doi: 10.3390/antiox10121984. Antioxidants (Basel). 2021. PMID: 34943087 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Medical
Miscellaneous
