Feline morbillivirus, a previously undescribed paramyxovirus associated with tubulointerstitial nephritis in domestic cats
- PMID: 22431644
- PMCID: PMC3325679
- DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1119972109
Feline morbillivirus, a previously undescribed paramyxovirus associated with tubulointerstitial nephritis in domestic cats
Abstract
We describe the discovery and isolation of a paramyxovirus, feline morbillivirus (FmoPV), from domestic cat (Felis catus). FmoPV RNA was detected in 56 (12.3%) of 457 stray cats (53 urine, four rectal swabs, and one blood sample) by RT-PCR. Complete genome sequencing of three FmoPV strains showed genome sizes of 16,050 bases, the largest among morbilliviruses, because of unusually long 5' trailer sequences of 400 nt. FmoPV possesses identical gene contents (3'-N-P/V/C-M-F-H-L-5') and is phylogenetically clustered with other morbilliviruses. IgG against FmoPV N protein was positive in 49 sera (76.7%) of 56 RT-PCR-positive cats, but 78 (19.4%) of 401 RT-PCR-negative cats (P < 0.0001) by Western blot. FmoPV was isolated from CRFK feline kidney cells, causing cytopathic effects with cell rounding, detachment, lysis, and syncytia formation. FmoPV could also replicate in subsequent passages in primate Vero E6 cells. Infected cell lines exhibited finely granular and diffuse cytoplasmic fluorescence on immunostaining for FmoPV N protein. Electron microscopy showed enveloped virus with typical "herringbone" appearance of helical N in paramyxoviruses. Histological examination of necropsy tissues in two FmoPV-positive cats revealed interstitial inflammatory infiltrate and tubular degeneration/necrosis in kidneys, with decreased cauxin expression in degenerated tubular epithelial cells, compatible with tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN). Immunohistochemical staining revealed FmoPV N protein-positive renal tubular cells and mononuclear cells in lymph nodes. A case-control study showed the presence of TIN in seven of 12 cats with FmoPV infection, but only two of 15 cats without FmoPV infection (P < 0.05), suggesting an association between FmoPV and TIN.
Conflict of interest statement
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Figures
Similar articles
-
Feline Morbillivirus Infection in Domestic Cats: What Have We Learned So Far?Viruses. 2021 Apr 15;13(4):683. doi: 10.3390/v13040683. Viruses. 2021. PMID: 33921104 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Feline Morbillivirus, a New Paramyxovirus Possibly Associated with Feline Kidney Disease.Viruses. 2020 May 1;12(5):501. doi: 10.3390/v12050501. Viruses. 2020. PMID: 32370044 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Frequency, clinicopathological features and phylogenetic analysis of feline morbillivirus in cats in Istanbul, Turkey.J Feline Med Surg. 2017 Dec;19(12):1206-1214. doi: 10.1177/1098612X16686728. Epub 2017 Jan 23. J Feline Med Surg. 2017. PMID: 28112564 Free PMC article.
-
Epidemiological and pathological study of feline morbillivirus infection in domestic cats in Japan.BMC Vet Res. 2016 Oct 11;12(1):228. doi: 10.1186/s12917-016-0853-y. BMC Vet Res. 2016. PMID: 27724851 Free PMC article.
-
Genetic diversity of feline morbilliviruses isolated in Japan.J Gen Virol. 2014 Jul;95(Pt 7):1464-1468. doi: 10.1099/vir.0.065029-0. Epub 2014 Apr 11. J Gen Virol. 2014. PMID: 24728711
Cited by
-
In Vitro Modeling of Feline Morbillivirus Infections Using Primary Feline Kidney Cells.Methods Mol Biol. 2024;2808:153-165. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3870-5_12. Methods Mol Biol. 2024. PMID: 38743369
-
Feline morbillivirus infection associated with fatal encephalitis in a Bengal cat.J Vet Intern Med. 2023 Nov-Dec;37(6):2510-2513. doi: 10.1111/jvim.16916. Epub 2023 Oct 28. J Vet Intern Med. 2023. PMID: 37897301 Free PMC article.
-
Feline Morbillivirus: Clinical Relevance of a Widespread Endemic Viral Infection of Cats.Viruses. 2023 Oct 13;15(10):2087. doi: 10.3390/v15102087. Viruses. 2023. PMID: 37896864 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Paramyxoviruses: Pathogenesis, Vaccines, Antivirals, and Prototypes for Pandemic Preparedness.J Infect Dis. 2023 Oct 18;228(Suppl 6):S390-S397. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiad123. J Infect Dis. 2023. PMID: 37849400 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Detection of feline morbillivirus in cats with symptoms of acute febrile infection.Vet Res Commun. 2024 Feb;48(1):569-578. doi: 10.1007/s11259-023-10214-x. Epub 2023 Sep 6. Vet Res Commun. 2024. PMID: 37672171 Free PMC article.
References
-
- Barrett T. Morbillivirus infections, with special emphasis on morbilliviruses of carnivores. Vet Microbiol. 1999;69:3–13. - PubMed
-
- Chua KB, et al. Nipah virus: A recently emergent deadly paramyxovirus. Science. 2000;288:1432–1435. - PubMed
-
- Halpin K, Young PL, Field HE, Mackenzie JS. Isolation of Hendra virus from pteropid bats: A natural reservoir of Hendra virus. J Gen Virol. 2000;81:1927–1932. - PubMed
-
- Moreno-López J, Correa-Girón P, Martinez A, Ericsson A. Characterization of a paramyxovirus isolated from the brain of a piglet in Mexico. Arch Virol. 1986;91:221–231. - PubMed
-
- Osterhaus AD, et al. Morbillivirus infections of aquatic mammals: newly identified members of the genus. Vet Microbiol. 1995;44:219–227. - PubMed
Publication types
MeSH terms
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Medical
Research Materials
Miscellaneous