Odds ratios for mediation analysis for a dichotomous outcome
- PMID: 21036955
- PMCID: PMC2998205
- DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwq332
Odds ratios for mediation analysis for a dichotomous outcome
Abstract
For dichotomous outcomes, the authors discuss when the standard approaches to mediation analysis used in epidemiology and the social sciences are valid, and they provide alternative mediation analysis techniques when the standard approaches will not work. They extend definitions of controlled direct effects and natural direct and indirect effects from the risk difference scale to the odds ratio scale. A simple technique to estimate direct and indirect effect odds ratios by combining logistic and linear regressions is described that applies when the outcome is rare and the mediator continuous. Further discussion is given as to how this mediation analysis technique can be extended to settings in which data come from a case-control study design. For the standard mediation analysis techniques used in the epidemiologic and social science literatures to be valid, an assumption of no interaction between the effects of the exposure and the mediator on the outcome is needed. The approach presented here, however, will apply even when there are interactions between the effect of the exposure and the mediator on the outcome.
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Comment in
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Invited commentary: pushing the mediation envelope.Am J Epidemiol. 2010 Dec 15;172(12):1352-4; discussion 1355-6. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwq328. Epub 2010 Oct 29. Am J Epidemiol. 2010. PMID: 21036954 Free PMC article.
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Invited commentary: Decomposing with a lot of supposing.Am J Epidemiol. 2010 Dec 15;172(12):1349-51; discussion 1355-6. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwq329. Epub 2010 Oct 29. Am J Epidemiol. 2010. PMID: 21036956 Free PMC article.
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