The good and the bad effects of (-) trans-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta 9-THC) on humans
- PMID: 15302527
- DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2004.05.009
The good and the bad effects of (-) trans-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta 9-THC) on humans
Abstract
This review analyses the therapeutic usefulness of Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol and its potential to induce adverse reactions on humans. During the last 30 years an enormous amount of research was carried out resulting in the disclosure of the cannabinoid system in Central Nervous System, with its CB(1) and CB(2) receptors, and the agonist anandamide. Under the clinical point of view, Delta(9)-THC produces some therapeutic benefits which are beyond reasonable doubt. Thus, the effects on nausea/emesis due to cancer chemotherapy, as appetite promoter, on some painful conditions and on symptoms of multiple sclerosis are clearly demonstrated. Delta(9)-THC is not devoid of ill effects. On the cognitive domain it impairs the human capacity to discriminate time intervals and space distances, vigilance, memory and the performance for mental work. On the psychic area Delta(9)-THC may induce unpleasant reactions such as disconnected thoughts, panic reactions, disturbing changes in perception, delusions and hallucinatory experiences. However, the long term effects on the psyche and cognition are not known as there are no reports of prolonged use of Delta(9)-THC. Actually, it has been proposed by WHO that Delta(9)-THC should be rescheduled to schedule IV of the United Nations Convention on Psychotropic Drugs, as it does not constitute a substantial risk to public health and its abuse is rare if at all.
Comment in
-
Is marihuana [THC] anti-carcinogenic?Toxicon. 2005 Sep 1;46(3):357-9. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2005.04.001. Toxicon. 2005. PMID: 15990141 No abstract available.
Similar articles
-
Cognitive and subjective dose-response effects of acute oral Delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in infrequent cannabis users.Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2002 Oct;164(1):61-70. doi: 10.1007/s00213-002-1169-0. Epub 2002 Jul 23. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2002. PMID: 12373420 Clinical Trial.
-
[Cannabis affects driving skills].Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2007 Mar 1;127(5):583-4. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2007. PMID: 17332811 Review. Norwegian.
-
Cannabidiol potentiates pharmacological effects of Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol via CB(1) receptor-dependent mechanism.Brain Res. 2008 Jan 10;1188:157-64. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2007.09.090. Epub 2007 Oct 12. Brain Res. 2008. PMID: 18021759
-
Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol effects in schizophrenia: implications for cognition, psychosis, and addiction.Biol Psychiatry. 2005 Mar 15;57(6):594-608. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.12.006. Biol Psychiatry. 2005. PMID: 15780846 Clinical Trial.
-
[Neuropsychopharmacology of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol].Ann Pharm Fr. 2008 Aug;66(4):219-31. doi: 10.1016/j.pharma.2008.07.003. Epub 2008 Sep 4. Ann Pharm Fr. 2008. PMID: 18847570 Review. French.
Cited by
-
Clinical Diagnosis and Management of Gradual Onset Cannabis-Induced Psychosis Following the Consumption of Delta-8-Tetrahydrocannabinol.Cureus. 2024 Mar 3;16(3):e55464. doi: 10.7759/cureus.55464. eCollection 2024 Mar. Cureus. 2024. PMID: 38571826 Free PMC article.
-
Inhibiting degradation of 2-arachidonoylglycerol as a therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases.Pharmacol Ther. 2023 Apr;244:108394. doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108394. Epub 2023 Mar 24. Pharmacol Ther. 2023. PMID: 36966972 Free PMC article. Review.
-
The Use of Cannabidiol in Patients With Low Back Pain Caused by Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: An Observational Study.Cureus. 2022 Sep 15;14(9):e29196. doi: 10.7759/cureus.29196. eCollection 2022 Sep. Cureus. 2022. PMID: 36507111 Free PMC article.
-
The Transdermal Delivery of Therapeutic Cannabinoids.Pharmaceutics. 2022 Feb 18;14(2):438. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020438. Pharmaceutics. 2022. PMID: 35214170 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Abuse Potential of Synthetic Cannabinoids: AM-1248, CB-13, and PB-22.Biomol Ther (Seoul). 2021 Jul 1;29(4):384-391. doi: 10.4062/biomolther.2020.212. Biomol Ther (Seoul). 2021. PMID: 33935046 Free PMC article.
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Research Materials