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. 2003 Apr;84(4):822-48.
doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.84.4.822.

The benefits of being present: mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being

Kirk Warren Brown  1 , Richard M Ryan
Affiliations

The benefits of being present: mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being

Kirk Warren Brown et al. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2003 Apr.

Abstract

Mindfulness is an attribute of consciousness long believed to promote well-being. This research provides a theoretical and empirical examination of the role of mindfulness in psychological well-being. The development and psychometric properties of the dispositional Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) are described. Correlational, quasi-experimental, and laboratory studies then show that the MAAS measures a unique quality of consciousness that is related to a variety of well-being constructs, that differentiates mindfulness practitioners from others, and that is associated with enhanced self-awareness. An experience-sampling study shows that both dispositional and state mindfulness predict self-regulated behavior and positive emotional states. Finally, a clinical intervention study with cancer patients demonstrates that increases in mindfulness over time relate to declines in mood disturbance and stress.

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