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Evolutionary Perspective
In this chapter cognition is approached as the product of a long biological and social-cultural evolution starting with elementary forms of...
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Beginnings of Developmental Science
Psychology historically is the science of the soul—a mysterious organ projected into the body of the self-reflexive human beings. Up to the first...
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Alexander Spitzer (1868–1943)
A neuropsychiatrist and anatomist by training, Alexander “Sándor” Spitzer was a polymath and universal scientist with a deep aspiration for...
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Between Beasts and Gods—Inner Speech as a Meta-Higher Psychological Function
Inner Speech is a central concept in Vygotskyan approach to language and its relations to thought. Vygotsky develops a straightforward theory on the...
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Subjectivity and Democracy in the Tradition of German Critical Psychology
German Critical Psychology developed its own understanding of social processes. Based on Marxism, Holzkamp and others envisioned a social world that...
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Social Unconscious Theory: Contributions of Group Analysis to Psychosocial Studies
This chapter introduces the theory of the social unconscious from its roots in the work of S.H. Foulkes in the 1920s and 1930s in Germany to the most...
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Hints of the Symbolic Function in Animals
The focus here is on the origin of the symbolic function and its development in ontogenesis. The communication systems in animals, sensorimotor...
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A Conceptual Analysis of the Funds of Knowledge and Identity Approach from an Eco-functional Perspective
The article situates the Funds of Knowledge (FoK) approach and the Funds of Identity (FoI) theory in the context of the eco-functional perspective....
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An Evolutionary Explanation of the Madonna-Whore Complex
The Madonna-Whore complex is a product of male psychology that constrains female sexuality. Exaggerating actual differences, males categorize females...
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