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Biosynthesis and function of 1-methyladenosine in transfer RNA

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Fine-Tuning of RNA Functions by Modification and Editing

Part of the book series: Topics in Current Genetics ((TCG,volume 12))

Abstract

Determining the function of single nucleotide modifications in tRNA has been elusive because so many tRNA modification enzymes are not essential for cell viability, making it difficult to do functional studies in vivo. The enzyme that catalyzes the formation of 1-methyladenosine modification at position 58 (m1A58) in most yeast tRNAs is essential for yeast cell viability, which has made it possible to explore the role of this single modification in tRNA structure and function. In addition to reviewing the role of m1A in tRNAs from prokaryotes to eukaryotes and mitochondria to cytoplasm, this chapter discusses the importance of m1A58 in maintaining the 3-dimensional structure of yeast initiator tRNAMet. Exploiting the genetics available in yeast, it has been discovered that initiator tRNAMet lacking m1A58 is eliminated from cells by 3’ polyadenylation and 3’ to 5’ exonuclease degradation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA

    James T. Anderson

  2. Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Avenue E. Gryson 1, B-1070 Bruxelles, Belgium

    Louis Droogmans

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Correspondence to James T. Anderson .

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Henri Grosjean

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Anderson, J.T., Droogmans, L. Biosynthesis and function of 1-methyladenosine in transfer RNA. In: Grosjean, H. (eds) Fine-Tuning of RNA Functions by Modification and Editing. Topics in Current Genetics, vol 12. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/b106364

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