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Arid Agroforestry for Thar Desert

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Natural Resource Management in the Thar Desert Region of Rajasthan

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Abstract

Agroforestry is a sustainable land use system which involves woody components such as trees and shrubs along with agriculture crops; including pasture and/or animals all together or sequentially, on the same unit of land, to meet the ecological as well as socio-economic needs of the people. When compared to agricultural crops alone, agroforestry systems are beneficial in maintaining soil productivity at optimal levels over a long period of time because the leguminous trees included in agroforestry systems fix nitrogen. Agroforestry-based cropping system is now considered to be the most ideal strategy to provide food, nutrition and income security to the people. Integration of annual crops with tree yields multiple outputs ensures production and income generation in a sustainable manner. In addition, these combined systems help for efficient usage of natural resources as well as socio-economic inputs. The scarcity of water from both surface and ground water sources is the biggest challenge in afforestation programmes in the hot arid regions. Extreme temperatures also attract insects and pests, such as termite that are present in large quantities owing to easy infestation in wooden material in arid environment. High biotic pressure is another problem as the Thar Desert is one of the most populated deserts in the world. Despite being given key roles in local-level planning and management, in reality, there may be low actual involvement of local communities in participatory decision-making processes. Threat for afforestation also arises from extraneous factors like extensive growth of Israeli babul species for conventional methods for fighting desertification and conservation of biodiversity. In situ water conservation for promotion of more agroforestry practices with eco-friendly multipurpose tree species, conservation of indigenous biodiversity through promotion of agroforestry practices and enhancement of biomass productivity through promotion of agroforestry system are vital for the region. Adoption of many alternative land use systems, based on land capabilities as well as farmer preference, is one of the effective land management strategies in the Thar Desert. Agroforestry practices can be developed for economic benefits along with secured livelihood and employment to the people.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India

    V. Subbulakshmi

  2. ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Bhuj, Gujarat, India

    K. R. Sheetal & P. S. Renjith

  3. ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Pali-Marwar, Rajasthan, India

    M. B. Noor Mohamed

  4. ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Research Centre, Kota, Rajasthan, India

    S. Kala

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  3. M. B. Noor Mohamed
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  4. P. S. Renjith
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  5. S. Kala
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  1. School of Extension and Development Studies, Indira Gandhi National Open University, New Delhi, Delhi, India

    Nisha Varghese

  2. Department of Agricultural Economics and Management, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India

    Sukhdeo Singh Burark

  3. Department of Agricultural Economics and Management, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India

    K.A. Varghese

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Subbulakshmi, V., Sheetal, K.R., Noor Mohamed, M.B., Renjith, P.S., Kala, S. (2023). Arid Agroforestry for Thar Desert. In: Varghese, N., Burark, S.S., Varghese, K. (eds) Natural Resource Management in the Thar Desert Region of Rajasthan. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34556-2_7

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