Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of the 5-item self-report Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) that was developed for the purpose of quickly and effectively identifying individuals suffering from dysfunctional levels of anxiety associated with the coronavirus. The initial development process and the theoretical foundations of the CAS are presented and followed by an examination of its psychometric properties across independent studies. Translated versions of the CAS are also discussed along with scoring instructions, which may vary for some versions of the instrument. The chapter ends with a discussion of the CAS’s limitations, considerations, recommendations, and concluding comments about this clinical tool.
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Appendixes
Appendix 1
Coronavirus Anxiety Scale: English version (original version)
How often have you experienced the following activities over the last 2 weeks? | Not at all | Rare, less than a day or two | Several days | More than 7 days | Nearly every day over the last 2 weeks | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | I felt dizzy, lightheaded, or faint, when I read or listened to news about the coronavirus | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
2. | I had trouble falling or staying asleep because I was thinking about the coronavirus | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
3. | I felt paralyzed or frozen when I thought about or was exposed to information about the coronavirus | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
4. | I lost interest in eating when I thought about or was exposed to information about the coronavirus | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
5. | I felt nauseous or had stomach problems when I thought about or was exposed to information about the coronavirus | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
Appendix 2
Coronavirus Anxiety Scale: Brazilian Portuguese version
Com que frequencia voce experimentou as seguintes situacoes nas ultimas 2 semanas? | Nunca | Raro, menos que um ou dois dias | Varios dias | Mais de 7 dias | Quase todos os dias durante as 2 ultimas semanas | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Senti tonturas, fiquei desorientado (com a sensacao de nao saber onde eu estava) ou tive sensacao de desmaio quando li ou ouvi notıcias sobre o coronavırus | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
2. | Tive dificuldade em adormecer ou Manter o sono porque estava pensando no coronavırus | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
3. | Sentime paralisado ou “em choque” quando pensei ou fui exposto a informacoes sobre o coronavırus | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
4. | Perdi o apetite quando pensei ou fui exposto a informacoes sobre o coronavırus | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
5. | Senti nauseas ou tive problemas de estomago quando pensei ou fui exposto a informacoes sobre o coronavırus | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
Appendix 3
Coronavirus Anxiety Scale: Polish version
Jak często w trakcie ostatnich 2 tygodni doświadczyłeś/aś poniższych zdarzeń? | Wcale | Rzadko, przez dzień lub dwa | Przez kilka dni | Przez więcej niż 7 dni | Prawie codziennie przez ostatnie 2 tygodnie | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Kręciło mi się w głowie, gdy czytałem/am lub słuchałem/am informacji o koronawirusie | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
2. | Miałem/am problemy ze snem, ponieważ myślałem/am o koronawirusie | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
3. | Czułem/am paraliżujący niepokój, gdy myślałem/am lub otrzymywałem/am informacje na temat koronawirusa | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
4. | Straciłem/am apetyt przez myślenie o koronawirusie lub otrzymywanie informacji na jego temat | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
5. | Miałem/am mdłości lub inne problemy żołądkowe, gdy myślałem/am lub otrzymywałem/am informacje na temat koronawirusa | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
Appendix 4
Coronavirus Anxiety Scale: Spanish version
Con qué frecuencia ha experimentado lo siguiente en las últimas 2 semanas? | Para nada | Rara vez, menos de un día o dos | Varios dias | Más de 7 días | Casi | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Me sentí mareado, aturdido o sin aliento cuando leí o escuché las noticias sobre el coronavirus | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
2. | Tuve dificultad Para conciliar el sueño o quedarme dormido porque estaba pensando en el coronavirus | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
3. | Me sentí paralizado o frio cuando pensé o estuve expuesto a información sobre el coronavirus | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
4. | Perdí el interés en comer cuando pensé o estuve expuesto a información sobre el coronavirus | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
5. | Sentí náuseas o problemas estomacales cuando pensé o estuve expuesto a información sobre el coronavirus | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
Appendix 5
Coronavirus Anxiety Scale: Turkish version
Son 2 hafta boyunca aşağıdaki durumları ne sıklıkta yaşadınız? | Hiç | Nadir, bir veya iki günden az | Birkaç gün | 7 günden fazla | Son 2 haftada neredeyse her gün | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Koronavirüs ile ilgili haberleri okuduğumda veya dinlediğimde başım döndü, sersemlemiş veya baygın hissettim | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
2. | Koronavirüs hakkında düşündüğüm için uykuya dalma veya uykuda kalma konusunda sorun yaşadım | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
3. | Koronavirüs hakkında düşündüğümde veya bilgiye maruz kaldığımda felç olmuş veya donmuş gibi hissettim | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
4. | Koronavirüs hakkında düşündüğümde veya bilgiye maruz kaldığımda yemek yemeye ilgimi kaybettim | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
5. | Koronavirüs hakkında düşündüğümde veya bilgiye maruz kaldığımda mide bulantısı hissettim veya mide problemleri yaşadım | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
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Lee, S.A., Close, S., Eads, D., Pappalardo, E.A. (2023). Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS). In: Krägeloh, C.U., Alyami, M., Medvedev, O.N. (eds) International Handbook of Behavioral Health Assessment. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89738-3_10-2
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Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS)- Published:
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89738-3_10-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89738-3_10-1