Abstract
The article summarizes the results of recent research on assessment of the genetic potential of microbial communities of soils and their application to the development of fundamental soil science and environmental technologies carried out by the staff of the Soil Biology Department of the Faculty of Soil Science, Moscow State University. Future promising lines of work are formulated with respect to the use of the microbial potential of soils for the purpose of bioremediation of territories due to ecotoxicants and the creation of technologies for self-purification of soils based on stimulation of the natural communities of microorganisms, as well as the use of microbial cultures for biodegradation of petroleum products, pesticides, and synthetic polymers. Another important area lies in constructing the scientific bases of the bioindication in the environment and space objects. Genomic analysis of nonculturable microorganisms from the Arctic, Antarctica, and other extreme habitats is performed within the framework of this direction, while the derived knowledge is used to model life on other planets. Development of agrobiotechnologies based on the management of the natural soil microbiome is another up-to-date research line at the Department of Soil Biology, as well as the creation of microbial formulations, specifically, plant-growth promoters and microbiological ways to increase a proportion of biological nitrogen in plant nutrition and the use of microbial plant endosymbionts and bioinsecticides. Search for the producers of biologically active substances, such as phytohormones, antibiotics, enzymes, probiotics, and hydrolytics of naturally occurring and artificial polymers, is an equally important aspect of the research work. The considered areas of research in the field of soil biology are essential for improving land management, environmental protection, and development of environmental technologies.
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Funding
This work was carried out by the Laboratory of Soil Carbon and Microbial Biology and supported as a part of a state order from the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation “Investigation of Microbial Drivers of Organic Carbon Sequestration in Soils of Agroecosystems,” no. 0439-2022-0018.
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Stepanov, A.L., Manucharova, N.A., Nikitin, D.A. et al. Achievements and Prospects for Advancement of Soil Microbiology at Moscow State University. Moscow Univ. Soil Sci. Bull. 78, 369–374 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3103/S0147687423040087
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S0147687423040087