Abstract
Purpose
Noninvasive and real-time detection of tumor sites is highly important for precision cancer surgery. In this study, we developed indocyanine green (ICG)-loaded microspheres as near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence markers for the noninvasive and long-term localization of tumor sites.
Methods
Microspheres were prepared using a water-in-oil-in-water method to encapsulate ICGs into small and multiple separated pores inside the microspheres. Microspheres containing different amounts of Poloxamer 188 were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo.
Results
Encapsulation of ICG and the human serum albumin (HSA) complex in the microspheres showed 25-fold higher fluorescence signals than ICG alone. The addition of 1% poloxamer 188 (P-188) to the oil phase resulted in the highest fluorescence signal from the microspheres. When ICG-HSA-loaded microspheres with 1% P-188 were subcutaneously injected into SKH-1 hairless mice, strong fluorescence signals from the injection sites were detected for up to 30 d without a significant reduction in the NIR fluorescence intensity.
Conclusion
Biocompatible ICG dye-loaded microspheres have great potential as long-term fluorescent markers for imaging-guided precision surgery.
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Data availability
All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article and its supplementary information file.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the Korea Medical Device Development Fund grant funded by the Korea government (the Ministry of Science and ICT, the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, the Ministry of Health & Welfare, the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) (Project Number: RS-2020-KD000107) and a National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (MSIT) (No. 2022R1A2C3011436).
Funding
Funding was provided by Korea Medical Device Development Fund (Grant No. RS-2020-KD000107), National Research Foundation of Korea (Grant No. 2022R1A2C3011436).
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All animal experiments were reviewed and approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the National Cancer Center Research Institute (IACUC approval no. NCC-21-638).
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Kim, HJ., Choi, Y. Indocyanine green-loaded microspheres as a near-infrared fluorescence marker for long-term localization of tumor sites. J. Pharm. Investig. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40005-024-00685-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40005-024-00685-8