Abstract
Nanoenhanced oil recovery has emerged as a promising method for improving and enhancing oil recovery. However, nanoparticles face the challenge of clumping together under reservoir conditions, hindering their movement through the porous medium and interaction with the oil/water interface. To fully understand the impact of different nanoparticles and electromagnetic fields on phase transitions and oil recovery, it is crucial to consider the complex interactions involved. These interactions can be influenced by factors such as nanoparticle concentration, size distribution, surface chemistry, and base fluid properties. In this study, a core-flooding experiment was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of synthesized nanoparticles (BaTiO3, MnO2, CoO, BaTiO3/MnO2, and BaTiO3/CoO) for enhanced oil recovery using electromagnetic-assisted nanofluids. The synthesized nanoparticles were analyzed for morphology and elemental composition using FE-SEM with EDX. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of functional groups and mineral composition. XRD analysis examined the crystal structure of the materials, while XPS, capacitance, and resistance measurements determined the elemental composition, chemical state, and electronic state of the materials. These analyses aimed to investigate the influence of an electromagnet on fluid mobility. Electromagnetic fields improve the dispersion and stability of nanoparticles in the reservoir, preventing aggregation and maintaining the effectiveness of nanofluids. Enhance the viscosity and mobility of the injected fluids, leading to better sweep efficiency and displacement of oil. The core-flooding experiment allowed us to determine the recovery factor. The results demonstrated that BaTiO3/MnO2 nanofluids exhibited the highest recovery factor, reaching approximately 58%, compared to BaTiO3/CoO nanofluids, which achieved a recovery factor of 48%. It is important to note that all single nanofluids also had a positive effect on the recovery factor.
Graphical abstract
![](https://cdn.statically.io/img/media.springernature.com/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10853-024-09964-z/MediaObjects/10853_2024_9964_Figa_HTML.png)
![](https://cdn.statically.io/img/media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10853-024-09964-z/MediaObjects/10853_2024_9964_Fig1_HTML.png)
![](https://cdn.statically.io/img/media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10853-024-09964-z/MediaObjects/10853_2024_9964_Fig2_HTML.png)
![](https://cdn.statically.io/img/media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10853-024-09964-z/MediaObjects/10853_2024_9964_Fig3_HTML.png)
![](https://cdn.statically.io/img/media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10853-024-09964-z/MediaObjects/10853_2024_9964_Fig4_HTML.png)
![](https://cdn.statically.io/img/media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10853-024-09964-z/MediaObjects/10853_2024_9964_Fig5_HTML.png)
![](https://cdn.statically.io/img/media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10853-024-09964-z/MediaObjects/10853_2024_9964_Fig6_HTML.png)
![](https://cdn.statically.io/img/media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10853-024-09964-z/MediaObjects/10853_2024_9964_Fig7_HTML.png)
![](https://cdn.statically.io/img/media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10853-024-09964-z/MediaObjects/10853_2024_9964_Fig8_HTML.png)
![](https://cdn.statically.io/img/media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10853-024-09964-z/MediaObjects/10853_2024_9964_Fig9_HTML.png)
![](https://cdn.statically.io/img/media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10853-024-09964-z/MediaObjects/10853_2024_9964_Fig10_HTML.png)
![](https://cdn.statically.io/img/media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10853-024-09964-z/MediaObjects/10853_2024_9964_Fig11_HTML.png)
![](https://cdn.statically.io/img/media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10853-024-09964-z/MediaObjects/10853_2024_9964_Fig12_HTML.png)
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Adil M, Lee K, Mohd Zaid H, Shukur MFA, Manaka T (2020) Effect of nanoparticles concentration on electromagnetic-assisted oil recovery using ZnO nanofluids. PLoS ONE 15(12):e0244738
Adil M, Lee K, Mohd Zaid H, Ahmad Latiff NR, Alnarabiji MS (2018) Experimental study on electromagnetic-assisted ZnO nanofluid flooding for enhanced oil recovery (EOR). PLoS ONE 13(2):e0193518
Sikiru S (2021) Ionic transport and influence of electromagnetic field interaction within electric double layer in reservoir sandstone. J Mol Liq 344:117675
Hassan YM et al (2022) The influence of ZnO/SiO2 nanocomposite concentration on rheology, interfacial tension, and wettability for enhanced oil recovery. Chem Eng Res Des 179:452–461
Sikiru S, Soleimani H, Shafie A, Kozlowski G (2022) Simulation and experimental investigation of dielectric and magnetic nanofluids in reduction of oil viscosity in reservoir sandstone. J Pet Sci Eng 209:109828
Karimi A et al (2012) Wettability alteration in carbonates using zirconium oxide nanofluids: EOR implications. Energy Fuels 26(2):1028–1036
Alwated B, El-Amin MF (2021) Enhanced oil recovery by nanoparticles flooding: from numerical modeling improvement to machine learning prediction. Adv Geo-Energy Res 5(3):297–312
Bobbo S et al (2012) Viscosity of water based SWCNH and TiO2 nanofluids. Exp Therm Fluid Sci 36:65–71
Sikiru S, Yahya N, Soleimani H, Ali AM, Afeez Y (2020) Impact of ionic-electromagnetic field interaction on Maxwell–Wagner polarization in porous medium. J Mol Liq 318:114039
Adil M, Lee KC, Zaid HM, Manaka T (2020) Role of phase-dependent dielectric properties of alumina nanoparticles in electromagnetic-assisted enhanced oil recovery. Nanomaterials 10(10):1975
Hwang C-C et al (2014) Carbon-based nanoreporters designed for subsurface hydrogen sulfide detection. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 6(10):7652–7658
Hwang C-C et al (2012) Highly stable carbon nanoparticles designed for downhole hydrocarbon detection. Energy Environ Sci 5(8):8304–8309
Bhuvanesh M, Kalaiselvam S (2023) Enhanced oil recovery by polymer flooding using polyacrylamide stabilised with alumina/graphene oxide nanocomposite. Arab J Sci Eng 48(12):16819–16830
Shiyi Y, Qiang W (2018) New progress and prospect of oilfields development technologies in China. Pet Explor Dev 45(4):698–711
Tong Q et al (2023) Research progress in nanofluid-enhanced oil recovery technology and mechanism. Molecules 28(22):7478
Tang W, Zou C, Liang H, Da C, Zhao Z (2022) The comparison of interface properties on crude oil–water and rheological behavior of four polymeric nanofluids (nano-SiO2, nano-CaO, GO and CNT) in carbonates for enhanced oil recovery. J Pet Sci Eng 214:110458
Luan J, Dong P, Zheng J (2020) Experimental studies on reaction laws during the process of air injection into the oil reservoirs with low permeability. J Pet Sci Eng 194:107526
Goharzadeh A, Fatt YY, Sangwai JS (2023) Effect of TiO2–SiO2 hybrid nanofluids on enhanced oil recovery process under different wettability conditions. Capillarity 8(1):1–10
Shengkai L, Xianjin X, Wei L, Lei W, Haijin N, Zhong S (2021) Monodisperse SiO2 microspheres with large specific surface area: preparation and particle size control. Res Appl Mater Sci 3(1):17–23
Mansouri Zadeh M, Amiri F, Hosseni S, Ghamarpoor R (2024) Synthesis of colloidal silica nanofluid and assessment of its impact on interfacial tension (IFT) and wettability for enhanced oil recovery (EOR). Sci Rep 14(1):325
Song W, Hatzignatiou DG (2022) On the reduction of the residual oil saturation through the injection of polymer and nanoparticle solutions. J Pet Sci Eng 208:109430
Sikiru S et al (2021) Graphene: outlook in the enhance oil recovery (EOR). J Mol Liq 321:114519
Tuok LP, Elkady M, Zkria A, Yoshitake T, Nour Eldemerdash U (2023) Evaluation of stability and functionality of zinc oxide nanofluids for enhanced oil recovery. Micro Nano Syst Lett 11(1):12
Dai C et al (2018) Impairment mechanism of thickened supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid in tight sandstone gas reservoirs. Fuel 211:60–66
Safran SE, Kok MV (2022) Nanoparticle-stabilized CO2 foam to improve conventional CO2 EOR process and recovery at Batı Raman oil field, Turkey. J Pet Sci Eng 208:109547
Ortega DJS (2018) Alteration of the wetting character of a composite rock, through the use of nanoparticles as an enhanced oil recovery method, Ben Nevis Formation, Hebron Field, Jeanne d'Arc Basin, offshore Newfoundland, Canada. Memorial University of Newfoundland
Al-Anssari S, Ali M, Memon S, Bhatti MA, Lagat C, Sarmadivaleh M (2020) Reversible and irreversible adsorption of bare and hybrid silica nanoparticles onto carbonate surface at reservoir condition. Petroleum 6(3):277–285
Yekeen N, Padmanabhan E, Idris AK, Chauhan PS (2019) Nanoparticles applications for hydraulic fracturing of unconventional reservoirs: a comprehensive review of recent advances and prospects. J Pet Sci Eng 178:41–73
Radnia H, Rashidi A, Nazar ARS, Eskandari MM, Jalilian M (2018) A novel nanofluid based on sulfonated graphene for enhanced oil recovery. J Mol Liq 271:795–806
Byrappa K, Adschiri T (2007) Hydrothermal technology for nanotechnology. Prog Cryst Growth Charact Mater 53(2):117–166
Wang X, Li Y (2003) Synthesis and formation mechanism of manganese dioxide nanowires/nanorods. Chem A Eur J 9(1):300–306
Cao G, Su L, Zhang X, Li H (2010) Hydrothermal synthesis and catalytic properties of α- and β-MnO2 nanorods. Mater Res Bull 45(4):425–428
Cheng G et al (2016) Controlled synthesis of α-MnO2 nanowires and their catalytic performance for toluene combustion. Mater Res Bull 75:17–24
Pang X et al (2023) Effect of solvents on the morphology and structure of barium titanate synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal method. Int J Miner Metall Mater 30(7):1407–1416
Julien CM, Massot M (2004) Vibrational spectroscopy of electrode materials for rechargeable lithium batteries iii. In: Oxideframeworks, proceedings of the international workshop “advanced techniques for energy sources investigation and testing” 4–9 Sept, Sofia, Bulgaria
Bernardini F, de Martino D, Mukai K, Falanga M, Masetti N (2019) 2PBC J0658.0–1746: a hard X-ray eclipsing polar in the orbital period gap. MNRAS 489(1):1044–1053
Hassan YM, Guan BH, Chuan LK, Hamza MF, Sikiru S (2023) Effect of silica-based hybrid nano-surfactant on interfacial tension reduction for enhanced oil recovery. Chem Eng Res Des 195:370–377
Soleimani H, Sikiru S, Soleimani H, Khodapanah L, Sabet M (2023) Impact of anisotropy and electromagnetic modified effect on fluid mobility in reservoir sandstone. Defect Diffus Forum 429:179–188
Aminian A, ZareNezhad B (2019) Wettability alteration in carbonate and sandstone rocks due to low salinity surfactant flooding. J Mol Liq 275:265–280
Dehghan Monfared A, Ghazanfari MH, Jamialahmadi M, Helalizadeh A (2016) Potential application of silica nanoparticles for wettability alteration of oil–wet calcite: a mechanistic study. Energy Fuels 30(5):3947–3961
Al-Anssari S, Wang S, Barifcani A, Lebedev M, Iglauer S (2017) Effect of temperature and SiO2 nanoparticle size on wettability alteration of oil-wet calcite. Fuel 206:34–42
Sofla SJD, James LA, Zhang Y (2018) Insight into the stability of hydrophilic silica nanoparticles in seawater for enhanced oil recovery implications. Fuel 216:559–571
Hassan YM et al (2022) Electromagnetically modified wettability and interfacial tension of hybrid ZnO/SiO2 nanofluids. Crystals 12(2):169
Acknowledgements
The authors express their appreciation to the PETRONAS research fund (PRF) under PETRONAS Teknologi Transfer (PTT) Pre-Commercialization—External: YUTP-PRG Cycle 2022 (Grant Number 015PBC-020) for providing a suitable research environment.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
Hassan Soleimani has received research grants from the PETRONAS research fund (PRF) under PETRONAS Teknologi Transfer (PTT) Pre-Commercialization—External, Surajudeen, Sikiru, Leila Khodapanah, Amir Rostami, and Mohammed Falalu Hamza are the member of the research grant committee at Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, while Nejat Rahmanian, Mohammad Yeganeh Ghotbi, Hojjatollah Soleimani7 Nasrin Khodapanah, Maziyar Sabet, Birol M. R. Demiral, Bonnia N.N, Norazila Ibrahim, and Nurmalessa Muhammad are research collaborators from local and international universities. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Handling Editor: David Cann.
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Sikiru, S., Soleimani, H., Rahmanian, N. et al. Phase transitions of the synergistic effects of Ba2+O2TiO2/Mn4+O6 nanofluid with integration of electromagnetic field for improved oil recovery. J Mater Sci 59, 12325–12346 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-024-09964-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-024-09964-z