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Removal of an organophosphorus pesticide by engineered silylated graphene oxide

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Abstract

The removal of organophosphorus pesticides is the growing concern. The pesticides are biomagnified in food chain, causing greater health hazards to humans and animals. Adsorption is one of the most efficient approaches for removal of organophosphorus compounds. The current study describes the adsorptive removal of phosmet by silylated graphene oxide (sGO). The adsorption study was performed by batch adsorption method by varying pH, temperature, dosage, contact time, etc. The isotherm studies were also performed to reveal the nature of adsorption. The mechanism of adsorption of phosmet was studied on synthesized and well-characterized sGO. The functionalized derivative of graphene oxide, sGO, has improved biocompatibility and removal efficiency against phosmet. The phenomenon of adsorption is dominantly chemi-physiosorption as suggested from Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetics. The thermodynamics studies further showed that the negative enthalpy and negative Gibb’s free energy is indicative of feasibility of adsorption by chemisorption mechanism. The pH studies indicated that the adsorption of sGO on phosmet was highest at neutral as well as basic pH. Finally, the regeneration studies showed that the adsorbent can be utilized till five cycles, where the efficiency is reduced to 50%. Thus, the complete study gives an account of effective removal of phosmet using sGO as an adsorbent by chemisorption involving pi–pi interaction, hydrogen bonding, and electrostatic forces as major interactive forces.

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Acknowledgements

All the authors are thankful to the Director of INMAS for extending his support. Miss Lajpreet Kaur is thankful to CSIR for providing her fellowship. Authors are thankful to Mr. Robinsh (USIC facility) for helping in FTIR study.

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Author notes

  1. Ayushi Mishra and Aanchal Sharma have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division CBRN Defence, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig S K Mazumdar Road, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054, India

    Lajpreet Kaur & Himanshu Ojha

  2. Department of Chemistry, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226025, India

    Ayushi Mishra

  3. Institute of Applied Medicine and Research, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, 250001, India

    Aanchal Sharma

  4. Department of Chemistry, Miranda House, University of Delhi, North Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India

    Mallika Pathak

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  1. Lajpreet Kaur
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Contributions

Lajpreet Kaur contributed to conceptualization, formal analysis, investigation, methodology, validation, visualization, writing—original draft, and writing—review and editing. Ayushi Mishra and Aanchal Sharma contributed to investigation, writing—original draft, and writing—review and editing. Mallika Pathak contributed to supervision, software, methodology, resources, and writing—review and editing. Himanshu Ojha contributed to conceptualization, formal analysis, investigation, resources, supervision, and writing—review and editing.

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Correspondence to Himanshu Ojha.

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Kaur, L., Mishra, A., Sharma, A. et al. Removal of an organophosphorus pesticide by engineered silylated graphene oxide. J Mater Sci 59, 11952–11969 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-024-09888-8

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