Abstract
Atmospheric aerosols affect surface ozone concentrations by influencing radiation, but the mechanism and dominant factors are unclear. Therefore, this paper analyses the changes in aerosol-radiative-surface ozone in China’s arid and semi-arid regions with the help of the Atmospheric Radiative Transfer (SBDART) model. The results suggest that Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) and coarse Particulate Matter (PM10) have the same trend, with high values in spring and winter and low values in summer and autumn. Surface ozone is high in spring and summer and low in autumn and winter. Surface ozone is higher in spring and summer and lower in autumn and winter. In winter, mainly secondary pollutants are dominated by high pollution levels. In the rest of the seasons, a mixture of dust, motor vehicle exhaust, and soot is dominated by low pollution levels. Surface ozone is positively correlated with fine particles and negatively correlated with coarse particles. Temperature is positively correlated with surface ozone in all seasons and negatively correlated with PM10 in summer, autumn, and winter. Precipitation negatively correlates with PM10 each season and surface ozone in winter and spring. Analysis of surface ozone and PM10 sources in the more polluted city of Hohhot based on the back-line trajectory model showed that airflow trajectories mainly transported surface ozone and PM10 pollution from northwestern Inner Mongolia and western Mongolia. During dusty solid weather, the decrease in radiation reaching the Earth’s surface and the cooling effect of aerosols lead to lower temperatures, which slows down the rate of chemical reactions of precursors of surface ozone, resulting in lower ozone concentrations at the surface. This study can provide a theoretical reference for aerosol and surface ozone control in arid and semi-arid areas of China.
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Data availability
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the L2-V003 product of GES-DISC ion the official website of NASA (https://earthdata.nasa.gov/), the China National Meteorological Information Center (https://data.cma.cn/), the China Environmental Monitoring Station (http://106.37.208.233:20035/), Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) measurement data (https://aeronet.gsfc.nasa.gov/).
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Funding
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31760135), the Gansu Provincial Natural Science Foundation (20JR10RA089), and the Gansu Provincial Forestry and grassland science and technology innovation (KJCX2021005) for providing financial support.
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Minxia Liu: Funding acquisition, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing. Xiaowen Wang: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software. Yang Wang: Formal analysis, Writing – original draft. All authors discussed the results and revised the manuscript.
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Liu, M., Wang, X. & Wang, Y. Interactions between aerosols and surface ozone in arid and semi-arid regions of China. Environ Monit Assess 196, 390 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-024-12555-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-024-12555-9