Karan Johar says he has body dysmorphia: Know what it is all about

What is body dysmorphic disorder or body dysmorphia?

This is a condition when the individual has obsessive thoughts about what they perceive as flaws in their appearance. These may be minor or even undetectable to others but cause significant anxiety and distress to the person concerned. Such people have a constant preoccupation with a specific body part or feature, a strong belief that they have a defect that makes them unattractive and are swamped by negative self-image.

What are the signs of body dysmorphia?

The person feels ashamed or embarrassed. They may repeatedly check themselves in the mirror, groom themselves excessively, seek reassurance about their looks and compare themselves to others. This leads to feelings of inadequacy. This is also the reason why some of them seek repeated cosmetic procedures.

What causes it?

The exact cause of body dysmorphia is unknown but genetics (family history) and even imbalances in brain chemicals may play a role. Environmental factors like teasing, bullying or negative comments about appearance can pull one down. Social media, with its constant exposure to unrealistic beauty standards, can trigger or worsen body dysmorphia. Additionally, psychological factors like perfectionism, low self-esteem and anxiety can be underlying factors.

When should one see a doctor?

If it disturbs everyday functioning, seek professional help. A doctor or therapist can provide cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), which teaches you to think in a less negative way about yourself. Sometimes, the doctor will prescribe medication to manage symptoms and improve self-esteem.

Is it similar to Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)?

There’s a resemblance but it is different. It can also co-exist with eating disorders like anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa.