Cesar Ricardo Lopez Valerio

Applied Analytics Feed Gas (Acid Gas) H2S Analyzer H2S | NH3 | CO2 H2S is an extremely dangerous chemical which occurs naturally in fossil fuels and is removed through refining processes. The sulfur recovery unit (SRU) of a refinery converts the H2S to elemental sulfur which can be stored or sold off. A critical point in this process is the furnace, which combusts H2S in order to sustain a 2:1 stoichiometric ratio of H2S:SO2 in the subsequent catalytic reaction. While tail gas analysis measures the H2S:SO2 ratio after the furnace to calculate air demand correction, a feed forward analysis system measures the H2S concentration in the acid feed gas before the furnace, to preemptively adjust air demand based on the real-time feed gas H2S level. The OMA system continuously measures 0-100% H2S concentration in the acid feed gas to provide real-time feed forward control. This system provides the perfect complement to the TLG-837 Tail Gas Analyzer for total SRU air control. For more information: https://lnkd.in/eyKT_fGw #appliedanalyticsinc #oma300 #H2S #sulfur #SRU #refineries #refinery #sulfurrecoveryunit #measurement #onlineprocess #analyzer #measure #gas #analysis #feedgas #acidgas #feedforward #processcontrol #concentration #hydrogensulfide #onlineanalyzer #processanalyzer #spectroscopy Feed Gas (Acid Gas) H2S Analyzer - AT5:

40

1 comentario

Ammonia Systems Managment I want to share a strategy to keep good performance and safety in facilites using ammonia. No. 1, First get information - MSDS - Flow diagrams - Piping and Instrumentatio Diagrams - Pressure / temperature limits - Test certificates - Manuals for operation and maintenance - Load and charge calculations No. 2, Site instruction Manuals - Start & Stop, normal / emerg. - Oil & Refrig drain / charge - Lockout tagout - Confined space - Opening - Ammonia Leak - First aid No. 3, Training - Ammonia awareness - Refreshers for ALL - Records kept? - Evacuation - Use of safety equipment - Operation & maintenance - Spills No. 4, Mechanical Integrity Inspections • Daily log • PM • PSSR • Calibrations • Manuals up to date No. 5, Management of Change Changes approved? • Time enough for change? • H & S impact investigated? • Procedures modified? • PM modified? • Training modified? • Safety hardware modified? No. 6, Employee participation Is a plan in place to safely manage the ammonia risk? • Are all levels of employees involved in safety management? • Is information readily available to all employees? No. 7, Incident Investigation System in place? • Start in a timely manner? • Team make-up • Report • Review report • Implement recommendations No. 8, Work Participation System in place? • Relevant to ammonia? • Hot work • Fire prevention • Define time, date and place • Keep records No. 9, Contractors H & S responsibilities • Can it be verified? • Does he train his employees? • Is he aware of site rules? No. 10, Emergency Plans Is there a plan? • Is there a team? • Instructions • Communication • Training • First aid • Coordination

32

2 comentarios

* Multiphase flow challenges in drilling, completions, and injection: Part 2: https://lnkd.in/dPX7ns3K Abstract: This review addresses the diverse applications of multiphase flows, focusing on drilling, completions, and injection activities in the oil and gas industry. Identifying contemporary challenges and suggesting future research directions, it comprehensively reviews evolving applications in these multidisciplinary topics. In drilling, challenges such as gas kicks, cutting transport, and hole cleaning are explored. The application of immersion cooling technology in surface facilities for gas fields utilized in integrated bitcoin mining is also discussed. Nanotechnology, particularly the use of nanoparticles and nanofluids, shows promise in mitigating particulate flow issues and controlling macroscopic fluid behavior. Nanofluids find applications in drilling for formation strengthening and mitigating formation damage in completions as highlighted in this work, as well as in subsurface injection for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR), waterflooding, reservoir mapping, and sequestration tracking. The review emphasizes the need for techno-economic analyses using multiphase flow models, particularly in scenarios involving fluid injection for energy storage. Addressing these multiphase flow challenges is crucial for the future of energy diversity and transition initiatives, offering benefits such as financial stability, resilience, sustainability, and reliable supply chains. In the first part of this review, we presented the application of multiphase (typical gas, liquid, solid) flow models and technology for drilling, completion, and injection operations. This second part of this review presents the applications of multiphase particulate (nanofluid) flow technology for drilling, completion, and injection operations. It aims to identify technology development needs related to multiphase flows, enhancing research endeavors for better cognition and mitigation of the identified issues. The use of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), Machine Learning (ML), and system modeling for multiphase flow models is also discussed.

4

Estaremos 📅 15th International Symposium on Hazards, Prevention and Mitigation of Industrial Explosions, (ISHPMIE). Presentando el Abstract: “Influence of explosion isolation systems on the reduced explosion pressure”. La vanguardia de la investigación sobre explosiones industriales. #ISHPMIE2024 #ExplosionProtection

8

Applied Analytics Hydrogen Sulfide in Hydrogen Recycle: In one part of the petroleum refining process, low-octane naphtha is converted to high-octane 'reformates,' which can then be used to increase the octane of fuel blends. This process occurs in the Catalytic Reforming Unit, where various reactions consume the naphtha feedstock and produce more complex hydrocarbons including aromatics. Use of the H2 recycle gas is complicated by the formation of H2S in the reformer if the naphtha feedstock is not completely desulfurized. Catalysts are poisoned by exposure to H2S, especially the platinum- and rhenium-containing catalysts commonly used in the Catalytic Reforming Unit. To protect the catalysts and reduce reforming inefficiency, a method of monitoring the H2S in the hydrogen recycle gas is required. The OMA H2S Analyzer uses a high-resolution UV-Vis spectrophotometer to measure real-time H2S concentration in the hydrogen recycle gas stream. This measurement is an ideal application for the OMA because the hydrogen background has no absorbance in the UV wavelength domain. For more information: https://lnkd.in/dszCWWJX #appliedanalyticsinc #oma300 #h2s #measurement #spectrophotometer #recyclegas #online #onlineprocess #processanalyzer #hydrogen #analyzer #wavelength #measure #refineries #concentration OMA-300 - H2S (0-10 ppm)

47

Massive explosion in Philadelphia Energy Solutions Refinery, At approximately 4 am on Friday June 21, 2019 there was a release of vapor in the PES refinery alkylation unit. The vapor found an ignition source, causing a fire and multiple explosions. Consider new revisions of API and ASTM in persuit of this process safety event. Final Report Released On: October 11, 2022 2019-04-I-PA-4 Update API RP 751 Safe Operation of Hydrofluoric Acid Alkylation Units to require the following: Protection of critical safeguards and associated control system components, including but not limited to wiring and cabling for control systems and primary and backup power supplies, from fire and explosion hazards, including radiant heat and flying projectiles; and Installation of remotely-operated emergency isolation valves on the inlet(s) and outlet(s) of all hydrofluoric acid containing vessels, and hydrocarbon containing vessels meeting defined threshold quantities. Final Report Released On: October 11, 2022 2019-04-I-PA-5 Revise ASTM A234 to incorporate supplementary requirements for piping used in HF service, as defined in HF supplementary requirements S9.1 through S9.7 in ASTM A106 version 19a. #psm #incidentinvestigation #safety #training #refinery #petrichemicalindustries #mechanicalengineering #chemicalengineering #hse #mechanicalintegrity #rbi

42

1 comentario

What is the most suitable approach in selecting a retrofit control system for various rotating machinery applications? Explore Model Predictive Control (MPC) versus Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) as we compare their strengths and weaknesses, applications, and provide insights to choosing the best method. #turbomachinary #energy #turnkeysolution #oilandgas #oilandgasindustry #gasturbines

10

2 comentarios

How does LNG disperse when leaking and what happens when the cloud ignites. See the video!

173

Natural gas plant, with dehydration and sweetening units...

1

The two critical questions posted by Maryam Shabani are not easy to answer. 1) About the bitsand, depending on its compactness, integrity, homogenity, such foundation could or couldn’t be permeable to VCIs applied under this layer. 2) Regarding the influence of VCIs, there is extensive field and lab literature indicating that VCIs changed the native potential of the bottom plates, decreased significantly the resistivity of the environment, as well as, increased the CP current demand.

2

What is the reflux ratio? How does it affect the distillation? In air rectification, reflux ratio generally refers to the ratio of the amount of downflow liquid in the column to the amount of rising vapor, which is also known as the liquid-gas ratio. In chemical production, reflux ratio generally refers to the ratio of the amount of downflow liquid in the tower to the amount of liquid in the top distillation. The purity of the distillation product depends on the reflux ratio when the number of trays is fixed. When the reflux ratio is high, the purity of gas phase nitrogen is high, and the purity of liquid phase oxygen is low. When the reflux ratio is small, the purity of gas phase nitrogen is low, and the purity of liquid phase oxygen is high. This is because the higher temperature rising gas and the lower temperature downstream liquid are mixed on the tray, and after heat and mass exchange, their temperatures can ideally converge, that is, they reach the same temperature. This temperature is between the original gas and liquid temperatures. If the reflux ratio is large, that is, when there is more cold liquid flowing down or less vapor rising, the gas-liquid mixing temperature must be on the side of the low-temperature liquid, so the temperature drop of the rising vapor is large and the vapor condenses. Because oxygen is a difficult volatile component, the oxygen component condenses down correspondingly more, so that the nitrogen concentration of the rising gas leaving the tray is also increased rapidly. Each plate is asTherefore, the nitrogen purity of the gas obtained at the top of the tower is high. On the other hand, because the gas-liquid mixing temperature is biased towards the low temperature liquid side, the temperature rise of the downstream liquid is small, and the liquid evaporates less, so the nitrogen component evaporated in the liquid is correspondingly less, so that the oxygen concentration in the downstream liquid leaving the tray increases slowly. This is true for each tray, so that the oxygen concentration of the liquid obtained at the bottom of the column is low. When the reflux ratio is small, it is contrary to the above situation and is not repeated. In fact, the adjustment of rectification condition is mainly to change the reflux ratio of each part of the column. Operators often say that the distillation column tower temperature is high, actually refers to the reflux ratio is small; Low tower temperature is the case of a large reflux ratio We Can Design , manufacture and install Air Separation Plants according customer required specifications and standards For inquiries Email: chemical.technology@hotmail.com  WeChat/WhatsApp +201288849001 #ASU #LOX #LIN #LAR #Ne #Xe #Kr #Steel #Oxygen #Nitogen #argon #ammonia ##methanol #gasification #petrochemical

47

2 comentarios

stress analisys on structural translational valve #engineeringsimulation #ansys #ansysmechanical #ansysfluent #2wayfsi #mechanicalengineering

1

Flow Improvement and Viscosity Reduction for Crude Oil Pipelines Transportation Using Dilution and Electrical Field https://lnkd.in/dhGp2MfU Abstract One of the great challenges in pipeline transportation of heavy crude oil is the effect of viscosity on flow rate. By using viscosity reduction techniques, crude oil flow ability can be enhanced. However, the dual effect of dilution and electric fields on crude oil flow ability is still not well addressed. The main goal of this study is to reduce viscosity and improve the flow rate of heavy crude oil through pipelines using dual techniques of electrical field and dilution. The optimization technique was used to investigate the interaction effects of experimental variables on the objective function. As compared to crude oil treated solely by dilution or electrical field, the dual treatment could result in more substantial reductions in viscosity. In this experiment, at first, the dilution's impact is studied. Acetone was used as a diluent in different concentrations. The great viscosity reduction is about 21.98% when adding 20 wt. % of acetone. Secondly, when the effect of the electric field has been studied, a reduction in viscosity of about 35.6% was observed when 36.67(v/cm) is applied. Lastly, the effect of combined treatment (dilution and electric field) has been investigated according to factorial design. The optimum viscosity reduction is about 61.856% at 11 wt. % acetone and 36.67 (v/cm) of the electric field. Highlights: • Combination of electric field and Dilution can improve the flow of heavy crude oil. • Invented capacitor has been put inside the oil pipe to apply electric field. • Optimize the conditions of applying the electric field and acetone addition. • Significant improvement in pumping power has been revealed at optimum conditions. Keywords: • Viscosity Reduction Electrical Field • Crude Oil Dilution • Acetone Flow Improvement Journal: https://lnkd.in/dgnvtdte Issue: https://lnkd.in/ecprDTZj Article: https://lnkd.in/dus6S6Bp ETJ LinkedIn: https://lnkd.in/d_8SPqAt #Engineering_and_Technology_Journal #UOT #engineering #technology #etj

1

Internal Corrosion of Crude oil Distillation Column #DistillationColumn #Corrosionoftrays #Assetintegrity #crudedistillationcorrosion #columnmaintenance

1

𝐂𝐡𝐞𝐦𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐥 𝐀𝐧𝐚𝐥𝐲𝐬𝐢𝐬 ● 𝐏𝐌𝐈 𝐗𝐑𝐅 𝐌𝐨𝐛𝐢𝐥𝐞 𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐫𝐨𝐦𝐞𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐬 (𝐏𝐌𝐈 𝐭𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐌𝐚𝐜𝐡𝐢𝐧𝐞) 𝐗𝐑𝐅 𝐏𝐌𝐈 is a non-destructive semi-quantitative method that determines the chemical composition of a material. 𝐌𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐈𝐧𝐟𝐨:  https://lnkd.in/dD7K9rf2 #InoxiumTubi #ChemicalAnalysis #PMITesting #MaterialsTesting #QualityControl #PMIMachine #ChemicalTesting #PMIAnalysis #MaterialVerification #NondestructiveTesting #ChemicalInspection #PMIInspection #QualityAssurance #PMITechnology #IndustrialTesting #MetalAnalysis

3

Fluid Dynamics

5

#lng #europe #Russia The successful phasing-out of gas imports from Russia risks making Europe dependent on liquified natural gas (LNG) imports, according to a report published by the European Court of Auditors (ECA) today (June 24) . Between 2021 and 2022, LNG imports increased from 80 billion cubic meters (bcm) to 120 bcm — reflecting an increase from 22% to 34% of total gas imports including from Russia and pipeline — according to the ECA. By 2023, the largest LNG global exporters to the EU were Norway (30%), the US (19.4%) and North Africa (14.1%), Russia was still responsible for 6.1% of LNG imports alongside 8.7% via pipeline, according to EU data. The risk of LNG dependency was considered by the European Commission when modelling the impact of cutting back Russian gas supplies in 2014, when Moscow annexed Crimea, the EU auditors found. But the EU executive “never modelled or estimated the extent of such LNG price increases or their impact on consumers and competitiveness”, ECA auditors said. “Given the EU’s dependence on foreign gas, it can never be complacent about its security of supply. And consumers do not have any affordability guarantees in the event of a major future shortage,” said Joāo Leāo, the ECA member responsible for the audit. No EU bans on Russian gas yet? The sanctions, which will kick in after a nine-month transition period, fall short of an outright ban on Russian LNG shipments. This partly reflects the fact that EU members are themselves still allowed to buy LNG from Moscow - even though the bloc has set a target of phasing out Russian fossil fuels by 2027. The EU followed the lead of the United States and the UK in banning Russian oil imports, with one or two limited exceptions, in 2022 after Russia attacked Ukraine. What latest sanctions do? The key measure in the package, signed off late last week in the face of opposition from Germany and Hungary, is a ban on trans-shipments off EU ports of Russian LNG - essentially preventing the commodity from being sold to third countries via EU ports. Source: #yahoofinance 👇 https://lnkd.in/dqkDutut #energy ##globalenergy

9