Category: Treatment

EFFECTIVE AGAINST: Positively charged ions such as iron, magnesium, calcium or manganese.

NOT EFFECTIVE AGAINST: Negatively charged ions, such as nitrates, bicarbonate, sulfate, selenium, and some compounds of arsenic.

Contents 1 Ion exchange 2 Water softening (cation exchange) 3 Uses of water softening devices 4 How cation exchange works 5 Capacity of water softeners 6 Maintenance of water softening systems 7 Special considerations for water softening 8 Questions to ask before you buy

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EFFECTIVE AGAINST: Negatively charge ions, such as nitrates, bicarbonate, sulfate, selenium, and some compounds of arsenic.

NOT EFFECTIVE AGAINST: Positively charged ions such as iron, magnesium, calcium or manganese.

Contents 1 Ion exchange 2 Uses of anion exchange devices 3 How anion exchange works 4 Capacity of an anion exchange unit 5 Maintenance of anion exchange units 6 Special considerations 7 Questions to ask before you buy

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EFFECTIVE AGAINST: Aeration water treatment is effective for management of dissolved gases such as radon, carbon dioxide, some taste and odor problems such as methane, and hydrogen sulfide, as well as volatile organic compounds, like MTBE or industrial solvents. It is also effective in precipitating dissolved iron and manganese. Aeration raises the pH of water.

NOT EFFECTIVE AGAINST: Aeration is not effective for removal of heavy metals, or pathogenic (disease-causing) organisms like bacteria and viruses.

Contents 1

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Contents 1 Steps for selecting a drinking water system: 2 In-Home Water Treatment Steps In Suggested Sequence 2.1 Sand, Silt, Clay Turbidity 2.2 Bacterial Contamination 2.3 Hydrogen Sulfide / Undesirable Odor 2.4 Insoluble Iron, Manganese Particles 2.5 Dissolved Iron and Manganese 2.6 Hardness 2.7 Acidity (excess) 2.8 Volatile Organic Chemicals, Trihalmethanes, Pesticides, Radon 2.9 Inorganics, Minerals and Heavy Metals 2.10 Nitrates 2.11 Corrosive Water 2.12 Excessive Salts

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The table below outlines information on specific home water treatment approaches. Keep in mind that some water treatment can be for aesthetic as well as health factors. If drinking water poses a health risk, the consumer may also consider the cost of purchasing bottled water or tying into a public water system if available as an alternative to treatment.
If you need to contact a water treatment professional to install or repair a home treatment system or to assess a …

EFFECTIVE AGAINST: Inorganic contaminants such as: dissolved salts of sodium, dissolved (ferrous) iron, nitrate, lead, fluoride, sulfate, potassium, manganese, aluminum, silica, chloride, total dissolved solids, chromium, and orthophosphate. Also effective in removing some detergents, some taste, color and odor-producing chemicals, certain organic contaminants, and some pesticides.

NOT EFFECTIVE AGAINST: Dissolved gases, most volatile and semi-volatile organic contaminants including some pesticides and solvents. Alone, reverse osmosis units are not recommended for treatment of bacteria and other …

Contents 1 About pH 2 Neutralizing filters 2.1 How neutralizing filters work 2.2 Capacity 2.3 Maintenance 2.4 Special considerations 3 Soda ash/sodium hydroxide injection 3.1 How soda ash/sodium hydroxide injection works 3.2 Maintenance 3.3 Special considerations 4 Acid injection 4.1 How acid injection works 4.2 Maintenance 4.3 Special considerations 5 Questions to ask before you buy

About pH

pH is an indicator of the acid or alkaline …

EFFECTIVE AGAINST: Oxidizing filters oxidize and filter iron, manganese, and hydrogen sulfide in one unit.

Contents 1 Uses 2 How oxidizing filters work 3 Capacity 4 Maintenance 5 Special considerations 6 Questions to ask before you buy

Uses

An oxidizing filter is an in-line, point-of-entry device (on the main incoming water line) that converts dissolved iron, manganese, and hydrogen sulfide to a solid form and then …

Contents 1 First step: Test your water 2 Second step: Be a wise consumer 2.1 Were the water tests adequate? 2.2 Other consumer protection concerns 2.2.1 Choose a reputable company 2.2.2 Choose a certified product 2.2.3 Second opinions on treatment recommendations 2.3 Other questions to consider 2.3.1 Is whole-house or just single-tap treatment needed? 2.3.2 Will the unit produce enough treated water daily to meet household needs? 2.3.3 What are the total purchase price and expected maintenance costs of the

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EFFECTIVE AGAINST: Fluoride, arsenic, selenium, and chromium.

• 1 Uses of activated alumina
• 2 How activated alumina works
• 3 Capacity of an activated alumina device
• 4 Maintenance of an activated alumina device
• 5 Special considerations
• 6 Questions to ask before you buy

Uses of activated alumina

Activated alumina can be used as a point-of-entry or point-of-use water treatment device. Activated alumina absorbs contaminants instead of filtering them. The effectiveness of activated alumina depends on the contaminant, characteristics of the …