Understanding Bioluminescence Bioluminescence is a natural form of light production that occurs in the sea. It's caused by a chemical reaction in certain species of plankton, particularly dinoflagellates. These plankton have a compound called luciferin, which emits light when combined with oxygen. The glow is activated by movement in the water, such as waves or boats passing by. Even stepping on wet sand can cause the bioluminescent plankton to light up. The presence of biolumi...