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. 2024 Apr 30;14(5):449.
doi: 10.3390/brainsci14050449.

Substance Addiction in Adolescents: Influence of Parenting and Personality Traits

Irene Escamilla  1   2 , Nerea Juan  1   2 , Ana Benito  2   3 , Francisca Castellano-García  2   4 , Francesc Rodríguez-Ruiz  1   2 , Gonzalo Haro  1   2
Affiliations

Substance Addiction in Adolescents: Influence of Parenting and Personality Traits

Irene Escamilla et al. Brain Sci. .

Abstract

Background: Substance use in adolescents has been separately related to personality traits and parental socialization styles; in this study, our objective was to study these variables in an integrated way.

Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in five institutes in a final sample of 331 students, excluding those with gaming disorder. The sample was stratified into three subgroups: 'no addiction', 'low risk', and 'high risk' of Substance Use Disorders (SUD).

Results: 12.9% of the adolescents presented a low risk of SUD, while 18.3% showed a high risk, with both being older (F = 9.16; p < 0.001) than the no addiction group. Adolescents with high risk scored lower in control and structure variables and higher in maternal and paternal indifference factors. Non-addicted subjects presented higher scores in conscientiousness, extraversion, and agreeableness and lower scores in neuroticism. The probability of SUD increased with age (OR = 2.187; p = 0.022), sensation seeking (OR = 1.084; p < 0.001), and neuroticism (OR = 1.049; p = 0.042), while conscientiousness was a protective factor (OR = 0.930; p = 0.008).

Conclusions: These results reflect that personality traits are directly related to the development of substance abuse in adolescents.

Keywords: adolescence; parental socialization; personality traits; psychopathology; substance use.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study, in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data, in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.

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