A multiyear survey of helminths from wild saddleback (Leontocebus weddelli) and emperor (Saguinus imperator) tamarins
- PMID: 31692027
- PMCID: PMC7029814
- DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23063
A multiyear survey of helminths from wild saddleback (Leontocebus weddelli) and emperor (Saguinus imperator) tamarins
Abstract
The establishment of baseline data on parasites from wild primates is essential to understand how changes in habitat or climatic disturbances will impact parasite-host relationships. In nature, multiparasitic infections of primates usually fluctuate temporally and seasonally, implying that the acquisition of reliable data must occur over time. Individual parasite infection data from two wild populations of New World primates, the saddleback (Leontocebus weddelli) and emperor (Saguinus imperator) tamarin, were collected over 3 years to establish baseline levels of helminth prevalence and parasite species richness (PSR). Secondarily, we explored variation in parasite prevalence across age and sex classes, test nonrandom associations of parasite co-occurrence, and assess the relationship between group size and PSR. From 288 fecal samples across 105 individuals (71 saddleback and 34 emperor tamarins), 10 parasite taxa were identified by light microscopy following centrifugation and ethyl-acetate sedimentation. Of these taxa, none were host-specific, Dicrocoeliidae and Cestoda prevalences differed between host species, Prosthenorchis and Strongylida were the most prevalent. Host age was positively associated with Prosthenorchis ova and filariform larva, but negatively with cestode and the Rhabditoidea ova. We detected no differences between expected and observed levels of co-infection, nor between group size and parasite species richness over 30 group-years. Logistic models of individual infection status did not identify a sex bias; however, age and species predicted the presence of four and three parasite taxa, respectively, with saddleback tamarins exhibiting higher PSR. Now that we have reliable baseline data for future monitoring of these populations, next steps involve the molecular characterization of these parasites, and exploration of linkages with health parameters.
Keywords: Callitrichidae; Neotropics; baseline data; free-ranging; parasite infections.
© 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Figures
![Figure 1.](https://cdn.statically.io/img/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/7029814/bin/nihms-1064394-f0001.gif)
![Figure 2.](https://cdn.statically.io/img/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/7029814/bin/nihms-1064394-f0002.gif)
![Figure 3.](https://cdn.statically.io/img/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/7029814/bin/nihms-1064394-f0003.gif)
Similar articles
-
Prevalence and intensity of intestinal helminths found in free-ranging golden lion tamarins (Leontopithecus rosalia, Primates, Callitrichidae) from Brazilian Atlantic forest.Vet Parasitol. 2007 Apr 10;145(1-2):77-85. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2006.12.004. Epub 2007 Jan 16. Vet Parasitol. 2007. PMID: 17223269
-
Evaluating genital skin color as a putative sexual signal in wild saddleback (Leontocebus weddelli) and emperor (Saguinus imperator) tamarins.Am J Primatol. 2023 Feb;85(2):e23456. doi: 10.1002/ajp.23456. Epub 2022 Nov 27. Am J Primatol. 2023. PMID: 36437549
-
Parasite community interactions: Trypanosoma cruzi and intestinal helminths infecting wild golden lion tamarins Leontopithecus rosalia and golden-headed lion tamarins L. chrysomelas (Callitrichidae, L., 1766).Parasitol Res. 2007 Nov;101(6):1689-98. doi: 10.1007/s00436-007-0652-2. Epub 2007 Aug 4. Parasitol Res. 2007. PMID: 17676342
-
The ecology of fish parasites with particular reference to helminth parasites and their salmonid fish hosts in Welsh rivers: a review of some of the central questions.Adv Parasitol. 2002;52:1-154. doi: 10.1016/s0065-308x(02)52011-x. Adv Parasitol. 2002. PMID: 12521260 Review.
-
The range of the golden-mantle tamarin, Saguinus tripartitus (Milne-Edwards, 1878): distributions and sympatry of four tamarins in Colombia, Ecuador, and northern Peru [corrected].Primates. 2011 Jan;52(1):25-39. doi: 10.1007/s10329-010-0217-3. Epub 2010 Sep 29. Primates. 2011. PMID: 20878203 Free PMC article. Review.
Cited by
-
Mammalian mycophagy: A global review of ecosystem interactions between mammals and fungi.Fungal Syst Evol. 2022 Jun;9:99-159. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2022.09.07. Epub 2022 Jun 21. Fungal Syst Evol. 2022. PMID: 36072820 Free PMC article.
-
Parasites of Free-Ranging and Captive American Primates: A Systematic Review.Microorganisms. 2021 Dec 9;9(12):2546. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9122546. Microorganisms. 2021. PMID: 34946149 Free PMC article. Review.
References
-
- Altizer S, Nunn CL, Thrall PH, Gittleman JL, Antonovics J, Cunningham AA, et al. (2003). Social organization and parasite risk in mammals: integrating theory and empirical studies. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, 34, 517–547. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.34.030102.151725 - DOI
-
- Arandjelovic M, Bergl RA, Ikfuingei R, Jameson C, Parker M, & Vigilant L (2015). Detection dog efficacy for collecting faecal samples from the critically endangered Cross River gorilla (Gorilla gorilla diehli) for genetic censusing. Royal Society Open Science, 2(2), 140423–140423. DOI: 10.1098/rsos.140423 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
-
- Asner GP, Llactayo W, Tupayachi R, & Luna ER (2013). Elevated rates of gold mining in the Amazon revealed through high-resolution monitoring. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 110(46), 18454–18459. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1318271110/-/DCSupplemental - DOI - PMC - PubMed
-
- Bakuza JS, & Nkwengulila G (2009). Variation over time in parasite prevalence among free-ranging chimpanzees at Gombe National Park, Tanzania. International Journal of Primatology, 30(1), 43–53. DOI: 10.1007/s10764-008-9329-7 - DOI
Publication types
MeSH terms
Supplementary concepts
Grants and funding
- Z99 AA999999/ImNIH/Intramural NIH HHS/United States
- IdeaWild/International
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases/International
- Field Projects International/International
- Whitney R. Harris World Ecology Center, University of Missouri-St. Louis/International
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources