Type 2 diabetes and cancer: umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies
- PMID: 25555821
- DOI: 10.1136/bmj.g7607
Type 2 diabetes and cancer: umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies
Abstract
Objectives: To summarise the evidence and evaluate the validity of the associations between type 2 diabetes and the risk of developing or dying from cancer.
Design: An umbrella review of the evidence across meta-analyses of observational studies of type 2 diabetes with risk of developing or dying from any cancer.
Data sources: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane database of systematic reviews, and manual screening of references.
Eligibility criteria: Meta-analyses or systematic reviews of observational studies in humans that examined the association between type 2 diabetes and risk of developing or dying from cancer.
Results: Eligible meta-analyses assessed associations between type 2 diabetes and risk of developing cancer in 20 sites and mortality for seven cancer sites. The summary random effects estimates were significant at P=0.05 in 20 meta-analyses (74%); and all reported increased risks of developing cancer for participants with versus without diabetes. Of the 27 meta-analyses, eventually only seven (26%) compiled evidence on more than 1000 cases, had significant summary associations at P ≤ 0.001 for both random and fixed effects calculations, and had neither evidence of small study effects nor evidence for excess significance. Of those, only six (22%) did not have substantial heterogeneity (I(2)>75%), pertaining to associations between type 2 diabetes and risk of developing breast, cholangiocarcinoma (both intrahepatic and extrahepatic), colorectal, endometrial, and gallbladder cancer. The 95% prediction intervals excluded the null value for four of these associations (breast, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, colorectal, and endometrial cancer).
Conclusions: Though type 2 diabetes has been extensively studied in relation to risk of developing cancer and cancer mortality and strong claims of significance exist for most of the studied associations, only a minority of these associations have robust supporting evidence without hints of bias.
© Tsilidis et al 2014.
Comment in
-
Type 2 diabetes and risk of cancer.BMJ. 2015 Jan 2;350:g7707. doi: 10.1136/bmj.g7707. BMJ. 2015. PMID: 25555822 No abstract available.
Similar articles
-
Adiposity and cancer at major anatomical sites: umbrella review of the literature.BMJ. 2017 Feb 28;356:j477. doi: 10.1136/bmj.j477. BMJ. 2017. PMID: 28246088 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Genetic and non-genetic risk factors for pre-eclampsia: umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies.Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2018 Jun;51(6):720-730. doi: 10.1002/uog.18959. Epub 2018 May 8. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2018. PMID: 29143991 Review.
-
Diabetes mellitus and risk of colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis.J Natl Cancer Inst. 2005 Nov 16;97(22):1679-87. doi: 10.1093/jnci/dji375. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2005. PMID: 16288121
-
Authors' reply to editorial linked to their umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies on type 2 diabetes and cancer.BMJ. 2015 Feb 11;350:h711. doi: 10.1136/bmj.h711. BMJ. 2015. PMID: 25673332 No abstract available.
-
Cancer and central nervous system disorders: protocol for an umbrella review of systematic reviews and updated meta-analyses of observational studies.Syst Rev. 2017 Apr 4;6(1):69. doi: 10.1186/s13643-017-0466-y. Syst Rev. 2017. PMID: 28376926 Free PMC article.
Cited by
-
A review of machine learning methods for cancer characterization from microbiome data.NPJ Precis Oncol. 2024 May 30;8(1):123. doi: 10.1038/s41698-024-00617-7. NPJ Precis Oncol. 2024. PMID: 38816569 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Association of systemic inflammation markers in cancer mortality with diabetes: evidence from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.Acta Diabetol. 2024 May 27. doi: 10.1007/s00592-024-02301-5. Online ahead of print. Acta Diabetol. 2024. PMID: 38801427
-
Effects of joint screening for prostate, lung, colorectal, and ovarian cancer - results from a controlled trial.Front Oncol. 2024 Apr 29;14:1322044. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1322044. eCollection 2024. Front Oncol. 2024. PMID: 38741776 Free PMC article.
-
Diabetes-related risk factors and survival among individuals with type 2 diabetes and breast, lung, colorectal, or prostate cancer.Sci Rep. 2024 May 13;14(1):10956. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-61563-9. Sci Rep. 2024. PMID: 38740921 Free PMC article.
-
Extracellular vesicles and particles as mediators of long-range communication in cancer: connecting biological function to clinical applications.Extracell Vesicles Circ Nucl Acids. 2023 Sep;4(3):461-485. doi: 10.20517/evcna.2023.37. Epub 2023 Aug 16. Extracell Vesicles Circ Nucl Acids. 2023. PMID: 38707985 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Medical