Declaration of Competing Interest Maximilian Stahl consulted for Curis Oncology and Boston Consulting; served on the advisory board for Novartis and Kymera; and participated in GME activity for Novartis, Curis Oncology, Haymarket Media and Clinical care options (CCO). Elizabeth A. Griffiths has received honoraria for advisory board membership from AbbVie, Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Apellis, Celgene/BMS, CTI Biopharma, Genentech, Novartis, Picnic Health, Takeda Oncology, Taiho Oncology. EAG has received research funding from Astex Pharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca Rare Disease, Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Apellis Pharmaceuticals, Blueprint Medicines, Genentech Inc., and honoraria for CME activities from Physicians Educational Resource, MediComWorldwide, American Society of Hematology, AAMDS International Foundation. Ravindra Majeti is on the Advisory Boards of Kodikaz Therapeutic Solutions, Syros Pharmaceuticals, TenSixteen Bio, Roche, and Cullgen Inc. and is an inventor on a number of patents related to CD47 cancer immunotherapy licensed to Gilead Sciences. R.M. receives research support from Gilead Sciences. Ravindra Majeti. is a co-founder and equity holder of Pheast Therapeutics, MyeloGene, and Orbital Therapeutics. Stephanie Halene consulted for Forma Therapeutics. Daniel T. Starczynowski is a consultant and received research funding from Kymera Therapeutics, Kurome Therapeutics, Captor Therapeutics, and Tolero Therapeutics. Daniel T. Starczynowski has equity in Kurome Therapeutics. David A. Sallman served on the advisory board of Aprea, AvenCell, BlueBird Bio, BMS, Intellia, Kite, Novartis, Shattuck Labs, Servier, Syndax. David A. Sallman served as a consultant for AbbVie, Magenta, Molecular Partners AG, Takeda and on the speakers' bureau for BMS, Incyte, Servier; David A. Sallman received research funding from Aprea, Jazz. Mrinal Patnaik received research funding from Kura Oncology and StemLine Pharmaceuticals. Andrew Brunner received consulting or advisory board honoraria from Novartis, Acceleron, Agios, Abbvie, Takeda, Celgene/BMS, Keros Therapeutics, Taiho, Gilead. Andrew Brunner has research support from the NIH SPORE in Myeloid Malignancies, and from the Edward P. Evans Foundation. Tae Kon Kim received research funding from Nextcure and is a consultant for Agenus. Alan List is employed by and has equity in Precision BioSciences, and has served as a consultant for Halia Therapeutics, CTI Biopharma, Aileron. Naval Daver has received research funding from Daiichi-Sankyo, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pfizer, Gilead, Sevier, Genentech, Astellas, Daiichi-Sankyo, Abbvie, Hanmi, Trovagene, FATE therapeutics, Amgen, Novimmune, Glycomimetics, Trillium, and ImmunoGen and has served in a consulting or advisory role for Daiichi-Sankyo, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Arog, Pfizer, Novartis, Jazz, Celgene, AbbVie, Astellas, Genentech, Immunogen, Servier, Syndax, Trillium, Gilead, Amgen, Shattuck labs, and Agios. Guillermo Sanz received honoraria, advisory board membership or consultation fees from AbbVie, BMS, ExCellThera, Novartis, Roche, and Takeda and participated in sponsored speaker's bureau for BMS, Novartis, and Takeda. Mikkael A. Sekeres has served on advisory boards for BMS, Novartis, Kurome, and Gilead. Pierre Fenaux received research funding from BMS, Abbvie, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Novartis, and Janssen. Pierre Fenaux had a consultancy with and received honoraria from BMS, Abbvie, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, and Novartis. Omar Abdel-Wahab has served as a consultant for H3B Biomedicine, Foundation Medicine Inc., Merck, Prelude Therapeutics, and Janssen, and is on the Scientific Advisory Board of Envisagenics Inc., AIChemy, Harmonic Discovery Inc., and Pfizer Boulder; Omar Abdel-Wahab has received prior research funding from H3B Biomedicine and LOXO Oncology unrelated to the current manuscript. Andrew H.Wei has served on advisory boards for Novartis, Astra Zeneca, Astellas, Janssen, Jazz, Amgen, Roche, Pfizer, Abbvie, Servier, Gilead, BMS, Shoreline, Macrogenics, Novartis and Agios; receives research funding to the Institution from Novartis, Abbvie, Servier, Janssen, BMS, Syndax, Astex, Astra Zeneca, Amgen; serves on speaker's bureaus for Abbvie, Novartis, BMS, Servier, Astellas; Andrew H.Wei is an employee of the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute (WEHI). WEHI receives milestone and royalty payments related to the development of Venetoclax. Current and past employees of Walter and Eliza Hall Institute may be eligible for financial benefits related to these payments. Andrew H.Wei receives such a financial benefit. Valeria Santini served in advisory boards from Abbvie, BMS, Geron, Gilead,Menarini, Novartis, Servier, Syros, ad received research support from BMS. Amer M. Zeidan received research funding (institutional) from Celgene/BMS, Abbvie, Astex, Pfizer, Medimmune/AstraZeneca, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Cardiff oncology, Incyte, Takeda, Novartis, Aprea, and ADC Therapeutics. AMZ participated in advisory boards, and/or had a consultancy with and received honoraria from AbbVie, Otsuka, Pfizer, Celgene/BMS, Jazz, Incyte, Agios, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Novartis, Acceleron, Astellas, Daiichi Sankyo, Cardinal Health, Taiho, Seattle Genetics, BeyondSpring, Cardiff Oncology, Takeda, Ionis, Amgen, Janssen, Epizyme, Syndax, Gilead, Kura, Chiesi, ALX Oncology, BioCryst, Notable, Orum, and Tyme. AMZ served on clinical trial committees for Novartis, Abbvie, Gilead, BioCryst, Abbvie, ALX Oncology, Geron and Celgene/BMS. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute receives research funding for the laboratory of Dr. Hourigan from Sellas and from the Foundation of the NIH AML MRD Biomarkers Consortium. All other authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.