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Review
. 2021 Mar 16;9(8):1761-1784.
doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i8.1761.

Cardiac rehabilitation and its essential role in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases

Petr Winnige  1 , Robert Vysoky  1 , Filip Dosbaba  2 , Ladislav Batalik  3
Affiliations
Review

Cardiac rehabilitation and its essential role in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases

Petr Winnige et al. World J Clin Cases. .

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases are the most common causes of mortality worldwide. They are frequently the reasons for patient hospitalization, their incapability for work, and disability. These diseases represent a significant socio-economic burden affecting the medical system as well as patients and their families. It has been demonstrated that the etiopathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases is significantly affected by lifestyle, and so modification of the latter is an essential component of both primary and secondary prevention. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) represents an efficient secondary prevention model that is especially based on the positive effect of regular physical activity. This review presents an overview of basic information on CR with a focus on current trends, such as the issue of the various training modalities, utilization, and barriers to it or the use of telemedicine technologies. Appropriate attention should be devoted to these domains, as CR continues evolving as an effective and readily available intervention in the future.

Keywords: Barriers; Cardiac rehabilitation; Cardiovascular diseases; Secondary prevention; Telerehabilitation; Utilization.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interests for this article.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation and its core components. Programs of cardiac rehabilitation support patients in goals of increasing levels of physical activity, healthy nutrition, optimal adherence to medication, body weight regulation, smoking cessation, and optimal psychosocial well-being, thereby helping them to reduce the risk of recurrent cardiovascular event.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Strategies to improve participation in cardiac rehabilitation. The scheme shows efficient strategies for better participation in cardiac rehabilitation. There are three steps for implementation of these—referral, enrolment, and adherence. CR: Cardiac rehabilitation.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Scheme of telerehabilitation (remotely monitored training). The diagram describes remotely monitored exercise training and its potential use within the cardiac rehabilitation home-based program framework.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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