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. 2020 Aug 11:11:1819.
doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01819. eCollection 2020.

Validation of the Japanese Version of the Burnout Assessment Tool

Keiko Sakakibara  1 , Akihito Shimazu  2 , Hiroyuki Toyama  3 , Wilmar B Schaufeli  4   5
Affiliations

Validation of the Japanese Version of the Burnout Assessment Tool

Keiko Sakakibara et al. Front Psychol. .

Abstract

The current study aimed to validate the Japanese version of the Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT-J), a new burnout measure. We conducted an Internet survey to confirm the validity and reliability of the BAT-J, using registered monitors from a Japanese survey company. The first-wave survey was conducted in May 2018, with 1,032 monitors. Of these, 498 participated in the second-wave survey in June 2018 to confirm 1-month test-retest reliability. We examined the factorial validity of the BAT-J core symptoms (BAT-JC) and BAT-J secondary symptoms (BAT-JS), as well as their reliability (internal consistency and test-retest reliability) and construct validity. Factorial validity was examined using confirmatory factor analyses and exploratory structural equation modeling bifactor analyses. Convergent and discriminant validity were examined using multitrait-multimethod frameworks well as the average variance explained. Exploratory structural equation modeling bifactor solutions for the BAT-JC, BAT-JS, and BAT-J demonstrated the best fit to the data. They also indicated that the general factor accounted for over two-thirds of the common variance explained. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were confirmed. Convergent and internal discriminant validity of the BAT-JC were confirmed vis-ȧ-vis burnout, as assessed with the Maslach Burnout Inventory - General Survey. Moreover, external discriminant validity of the BAT-J was demonstrated for work engagement and workaholism. Finally, both BAT scales showed significant positive relationships with job demands and turnover intention. All validity results were in line with the job demands-resources model. The results of the current study provide the first evidence for the BAT-J's reliability and factorial and construct validity.

Keywords: Burnout; Japanese; assessment tool; job demands–resources model; validation.

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Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Graphical presentation of the MTMM model, including two method factors (MBI-GS and BAT-JC) and five trait factors (exhaustion, cynicism/mental distance, professional efficacy, emotional impairment, cognitive impairment). MBI-EX1, item 1 of the exhaustion subscale of the MBI-GS; MBI-CY1, item 1 of the cynicism subscale of the MBI-GS; MBI-PE1, item 1 of the professional efficacy subscale of the MBI-GS; BAT-EX1, item 1 of the exhaustion subscale of the BAT-JC; BAT-MD1, item 1 of the mental distance subscale of the BAT-JC; BAT-EC1, item 1 of the emotional impairment subscale of the BAT-JC; BAT-CC1, item 1 of the cognitive impairment subscale of the BAT-JC.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Standardized solution (Maximum Likelihood estimates) of the hypothesized model of the relations of BAT-JC with potential antecedents and consequences (N = 982). Quant D, quantitative demand; Qual D, qualitative demand; Emot, emotional demand; TI, Tuniover intention. ***p < 0.001.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Standardized solution (Maximum Likelihood estimates) of the hypothesized model of the relations of BAT-JS with potential antecedents and consequences (N = 982). Quant D, quantitative demand; Qual D, qualitative demand; Emot, emotional demand; TI, Turnover intention. ***p < 0.001.
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