Adolescent Personality Pathology and the Alternative Model for Personality Disorders: Self Development as Nexus
- PMID: 32464626
- DOI: 10.1159/000507588
Adolescent Personality Pathology and the Alternative Model for Personality Disorders: Self Development as Nexus
Abstract
This paper reviews maladaptive trait development (DSM-5 Section III Criterion B), the development of DSM-5 Section II borderline personality disorder, and research on the development of identity, self-direction, empathy/mentalizing, and intimacy (DSM-5 Section III Criterion A). Combined, these previously disparate literatures begin to point to an integrated developmental theory of personality pathology, which suggests that Criterion A concepts (identity, self-direction, empathy, and intimacy) coalesce around the development of self, marking a discontinuous (qualitative) developmental shift. This developmental shift is a function of the demands placed on individuals to take on independent adult role function, combined with biologically-based maturational cognitive and emotional advances during adolescence. Section II personality disorder ensues when an integrated and coherent sense of self fails to develop, resulting in nonfulfilment of adult role function. In this sense, Criterion A self function can account for the onset of Section II personality disorder in adolescence, while Criterion B provides a useful descriptive account of continuous aspects of personality function over time.
Keywords: Adolescence; DSM-5 alternative model; Personality disorder.
© 2020 S. Karger AG, Basel.
Similar articles
-
Impairments in Cognitive and Emotional Empathy as Markers of General versus Specific Personality Pathology.Psychopathology. 2024;57(2):136-148. doi: 10.1159/000533861. Epub 2023 Oct 31. Psychopathology. 2024. PMID: 37906996
-
Validity of the DSM-5 Levels of Personality Functioning Scale-Self Report.J Pers Assess. 2018 Nov-Dec;100(6):650-659. doi: 10.1080/00223891.2017.1420660. Epub 2018 Feb 9. J Pers Assess. 2018. PMID: 29424568
-
Relating DSM-5 section III personality traits to section II personality disorder diagnoses.Psychol Med. 2016 Feb;46(3):647-55. doi: 10.1017/S0033291715002226. Epub 2015 Oct 30. Psychol Med. 2016. PMID: 26515656
-
Disinhibition and Detachment in Adolescence: A Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Perspective on the Alternative Model for Personality Disorders.Psychopathology. 2020;53(3-4):205-212. doi: 10.1159/000509984. Epub 2020 Aug 10. Psychopathology. 2020. PMID: 32777787 Free PMC article. Review.
-
DSM-5 Level of Personality Functioning: Refocusing Personality Disorder on What It Means to Be Human.Annu Rev Clin Psychol. 2021 May 7;17:313-337. doi: 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-081219-105402. Epub 2020 Dec 11. Annu Rev Clin Psychol. 2021. PMID: 33306924 Review.
Cited by
-
Clinical profiles of adolescent personality pathology: a latent structure examination of the Semi-Structured Interview for Personality Functioning DSM-5 (STiP-5.1) in a help-seeking sample.Borderline Personal Disord Emot Dysregul. 2024 Apr 9;11(1):9. doi: 10.1186/s40479-024-00252-5. Borderline Personal Disord Emot Dysregul. 2024. PMID: 38589974 Free PMC article.
-
Unravelling the Longitudinal Relations Between Developmental Milestones, General Psychopathology, and Personality Functioning in a Youth Clinical Sample.J Youth Adolesc. 2024 Aug;53(8):1887-1902. doi: 10.1007/s10964-024-01971-2. Epub 2024 Mar 18. J Youth Adolesc. 2024. PMID: 38499819 Free PMC article.
-
Practical implications of ICD-11 personality disorder classifications.BMC Psychiatry. 2024 Mar 7;24(1):191. doi: 10.1186/s12888-024-05640-3. BMC Psychiatry. 2024. PMID: 38454364 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Dimensional model of adolescent personality pathology, reflective functioning, and emotional maltreatment.Front Psychiatry. 2024 Jan 10;14:1302137. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1302137. eCollection 2023. Front Psychiatry. 2024. PMID: 38268556 Free PMC article.
-
Unpacking the p-factor. Associations Between Maladaptive Personality Traits and General Psychopathology in Female and Male Adolescents.Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol. 2024 Mar;52(3):473-486. doi: 10.1007/s10802-023-01146-w. Epub 2023 Nov 8. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol. 2024. PMID: 37938410 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Medical