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. 2019 Jul;35(7):595-600.
doi: 10.1080/09513590.2018.1559807. Epub 2019 Jan 22.

Hormone profiling, including anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), for the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and characterization of PCOS phenotypes

Henri Sova  1 , Leila Unkila-Kallio  2 , Aila Tiitinen  2 , Maritta Hippeläinen  3 , Antti Perheentupa  4 , Helena Tinkanen  5 , Katri Puukka  6   7 , Risto Bloigu  8 , Terhi Piltonen  1 , Juha S Tapanainen  1   2 , Laure Morin-Papunen  1
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Hormone profiling, including anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), for the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and characterization of PCOS phenotypes

Henri Sova et al. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2019 Jul.

Abstract

Objective was to evaluate serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and in its different phenotypes in relation to clinical, endocrine and metabolic parameters using a new automated VIDAS® method and to compare it with the Gen II method. Study design was multi-center study including 319 PCOS women and 109 healthy controls. Serum AMH levels measured using VIDAS® were significantly higher in PCOS women than controls (p < .001), and they correlated with those measured using the AMH Gen II method. An AMH cutoff value of 42.1 pmol/L distinguished PCOS women from controls with 67% sensitivity and 83% specificity. The PCOS women with three Rotterdam criteria or hyperandrogenism displayed significantly higher AMH levels compared with those with two Rotterdam criteria or normoandrogenism. In PCOS, AMH levels correlated positively with luteinizing hormone (LH), androgen and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels and negatively with BMI, abdominal obesity, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), fasting glucose and insulin, and insulin resistance. In conclusion, AMH evaluated using the VIDAS® method distinguished PCOS patients from healthy controls relatively well, especially in those with more severe phenotypes. Further studies are needed to establish whether AMH measurements can distinguish PCOS patients with different metabolic risk factors.

Keywords: Polycystic ovary syndrome; anti-Müllerian hormone; hyperandrogenism; metabolic risks; phenotype of PCOS.

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