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Meta-Analysis
. 2018 Sep;28(9):865-876.
doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2018.06.002. Epub 2018 Jun 9.

Oral antioxidant therapy for prevention and treatment of preeclampsia: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

M B Tenório  1 , R C Ferreira  1 , F A Moura  1 , N B Bueno  1 , M O F Goulart  2 , A C M Oliveira  3
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Oral antioxidant therapy for prevention and treatment of preeclampsia: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

M B Tenório et al. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2018 Sep.

Abstract

Aims: To determine whether oral antioxidant therapies, of various types and doses, are able to prevent or treat women with preeclampsia.

Data synthesis: The following databases were searched: MEDLINE, CENTRAL, LILACS, and Web of Science. Inclusion criteria were: a) randomized clinical trials; b) oral antioxidant supplementation; c) study in pregnant women; d) control group, treated or not with placebo. Papers were excluded if they evaluated antioxidant nutrient supplementation associated with other non-antioxidant therapies. Data were extracted and the risk of bias of each study was assessed. Heterogeneity was analyzed using the Cochran Q test, and I2 statistics and pre-specified sensitivity analyses were performed. Meta-analyses were conducted on prevention and treatment studies, separately. The primary outcome was the incidence of preeclampsia in prevention trials, and of perinatal death in treatment trials. Twenty-nine studies were included in the analysis, 19 for prevention and 10 for treatment. The antioxidants used in these studies were vitamins C and E, selenium, l-arginine, allicin, lycopene and coenzyme Q10, none of which showed beneficial effects on the prevention of preeclampsia (RR: 0.89, CI 95%: [0.79-1.02], P = 0.09; I2 = 39%, P = 0.04) and other outcomes. The antioxidants used in the treatment studies were vitamins C and E, N-acetylcysteine, l-arginine, and resveratrol. A beneficial effect was found in intrauterine growth restriction.

Conclusions: Antioxidant therapy had no effects in the prevention of preeclampsia but did show beneficial effects in intrauterine growth restriction, when used in the treatment of this condition.

Keywords: Antioxidant; Oral administration; Preeclampsia; Pregnant women.

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