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. 2018 Jan:106:22-27.
doi: 10.1016/j.bone.2017.10.005. Epub 2017 Oct 7.

Muscle functions and bone strength are impaired in adolescents with type 1 diabetes

Klara Maratova  1 , Ondrej Soucek  2 , Jana Matyskova  3 , Zdenek Hlavka  4 , Lenka Petruzelkova  5 , Barbora Obermannova  6 , Stepanka Pruhova  7 , Stanislava Kolouskova  8 , Zdenek Sumnik  9
Affiliations

Muscle functions and bone strength are impaired in adolescents with type 1 diabetes

Klara Maratova et al. Bone. 2018 Jan.

Abstract

Background: Sarcopenia and osteoporosis are among the late complications of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in adults. Whether and to what extent musculoskeletal impairment is present in childhood and adolescence has yet to be determined. The aim of this study was to assess volumetric bone mineral density (BMD) and dynamic muscle function in adolescents with T1D and to assess the clinical and biochemical predictors of their musculoskeletal system.

Methods: Ninety-five children and adolescents (59 boys and 36 girls, mean age 16.2±1.2years) with T1D were included in this cross-sectional study. Study participants were divided into two groups according to the duration of the disease (<6years and >9years, respectively). Volumetric BMD of the non-dominant tibia was assessed using peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT). Dynamic muscle function was evaluated using jumping mechanography. Gender- and height-specific Z-scores were calculated using published reference data. HbA1c was evaluated retrospectively as an average over the past 5years.

Results: Relative muscle power (Pmax/mass) and force (Fmax/body weight) were significantly decreased in T1D subjects (mean Z-scores -0.4±1.0; p<0.001, and -0.3±1.1; p<0.01, respectively). The duration of T1D negatively affected Pmax/mass (p<0.01) but not Fmax/body weight (p=0.54). Patients with T1D had also decreased trabecular BMD, the Strength-Strain Index and cortical thickness (mean Z-scores -0.8±1.3; -0.5±0.8 and -1.1±0.8, respectively, p<0.001 for all) whereas cortical BMD was increased when compared to controls (Z-score 1.2±0.90, p<0.001). No association was observed between the HbA1c and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and bone or muscle parameters.

Conclusion: T1D influences the musculoskeletal system in adolescence. Decreased muscle function could contribute to the osteoporosis reported in adult diabetic patients.

Keywords: Adolescence; Bone strength; Mechanography; Muscle function; Peripheral quantitative computed tomography; Type 1 diabetes.

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