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Meta-Analysis
. 2016 Jun 8;8(6):350.
doi: 10.3390/nu8060350.

Flavonoids, Flavonoid Subclasses, and Esophageal Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis of Epidemiologic Studies

Lingling Cui  1 , Xinxin Liu  2 , Yalan Tian  3 , Chen Xie  4 , Qianwen Li  5 , Han Cui  6 , Changqing Sun  7
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Flavonoids, Flavonoid Subclasses, and Esophageal Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis of Epidemiologic Studies

Lingling Cui et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

Flavonoids have been suggested to play a chemopreventive role in carcinogenesis. However, the epidemiologic studies assessing dietary intake of flavonoids and esophageal cancer risk have yielded inconsistent results. This study was designed to examine the association between flavonoids, each flavonoid subclass, and the risk of esophageal cancer with a meta-analysis approach. We searched for all relevant studies with a prospective cohort or case-control study design published from January 1990 to April 2016, using PUBMED, EMBASE, and Web of Science. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using fixed or random-effect models. In total, seven articles including 2629 cases and 481,193 non-cases were selected for the meta-analysis. Comparing the highest-intake patients with the lowest-intake patients for total flavonoids and for each flavonoid subclass, we found that anthocyanidins (OR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.49-0.74), flavanones (OR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.49-0.86), and flavones (OR = 0.78, 95% CI 0.64-0.95) were inversely associated with the risk of esophageal cancer. However, total flavonoids showed marginal association with esophageal cancer risk (OR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.59-1.04). In conclusion, our study suggested that dietary intake of total flavonoids, anthocyanidins, flavanones, and flavones might reduce the risk of esophageal cancer.

Keywords: esophageal cancer; flavonoids; meta-analysis.

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Figures

Figure A1
Figure A1
Sensitivity analysis which one study was removed at a time was performed to evaluate the stability of the results.
Figure 1
Figure 1
A flow diagram for selection of studies and specific reasons for exclusion from this meta-analysis.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Forest plots for the association between dietary flavonoid intake and esophageal cancer risk (highest vs. lowest categories).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Forest plots for the association between dietary flavonoid intake and esophageal cancer risk (highest vs. lowest categories).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Funnel plots of total flavonoids intake and the risk of esophageal cancer.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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