Polycystic ovary syndrome and anti-Müllerian hormone: role of insulin resistance, androgens, obesity and gonadotrophins
- PMID: 25040369
- DOI: 10.1111/cen.12557
Polycystic ovary syndrome and anti-Müllerian hormone: role of insulin resistance, androgens, obesity and gonadotrophins
Abstract
Objective: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder associated with insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, obesity, altered gonadotrophin release and anovulatory infertility. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) has been proposed as a marker of ovarian function and fertility. Across a cohort of lean and overweight women with and without PCOS, we investigated the association of AMH with insulin resistance and body composition using gold standard measures. A secondary aim was to examine whether AMH was useful to determine PCOS status.
Design: Cross-sectional study.
Patients: A total of 22 lean and 21 overweight women with PCOS and 19 lean and 16 overweight non-PCOS healthy controls were recruited. PCOS was diagnosed based on the Rotterdam criteria.
Measurements: Euglycaemic-hyperinsulinaemic clamp for assessing insulin resistance, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and computed tomography for assessing adiposity, and blood sampling for the assessment of androgens, gonadotrophins and AMH.
Results: Anti-Müllerian hormone levels were increased in women with PCOS (P <0·001) regardless of adiposity, with this increase associated with testosterone (P <0·001) rather than insulin resistance (P = 0·79), adiposity (P = 0·98) or gonadotrophins. In assessing the ability of AMH to predict PCOS, a value of 30 pmol/l or higher indicated 79% of women with PCOS were correctly identified as having the condition.
Conclusion: Anti-Müllerian hormone appears primarily related to androgen status suggesting a direct and predominant role of androgens in the pathophysiology of reproductive dysfunction in PCOS. As AMH reflects PCOS status, it may also be useful in PCOS diagnosis.
© 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Similar articles
-
Role of Anti-Müllerian Hormone in the Pathogenesis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2020 Sep 9;11:641. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00641. eCollection 2020. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2020. PMID: 33013710 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Hormone profiling, including anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), for the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and characterization of PCOS phenotypes.Gynecol Endocrinol. 2019 Jul;35(7):595-600. doi: 10.1080/09513590.2018.1559807. Epub 2019 Jan 22. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2019. PMID: 30668196
-
Interactions between androgens, FSH, anti-Müllerian hormone and estradiol during folliculogenesis in the human normal and polycystic ovary.Hum Reprod Update. 2016 Nov;22(6):709-724. doi: 10.1093/humupd/dmw027. Epub 2016 Aug 27. Hum Reprod Update. 2016. PMID: 27566840 Review.
-
Is the plasma anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level associated with body weight and metabolic, and hormonal disturbances in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome?Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2011 Oct;158(2):254-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2011.06.006. Epub 2011 Jul 12. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2011. PMID: 21752527
-
The relationships between AMH, androgens, insulin resistance and basal ovarian follicular status in non-obese subfertile women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome.Hum Reprod. 2009 Nov;24(11):2917-23. doi: 10.1093/humrep/dep225. Epub 2009 Jul 18. Hum Reprod. 2009. PMID: 19617605
Cited by
-
Serum anti-Müllerian hormone: A potential biomarker for polycystic ovary syndrome.Indian J Med Res. 2023 Oct 1;158(4):397-406. doi: 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_4608_20. Epub 2023 Sep 25. Indian J Med Res. 2023. PMID: 37991331 Free PMC article.
-
Association between insulin resistance and abnormal menstrual cycle in Chinese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.J Ovarian Res. 2023 Feb 23;16(1):45. doi: 10.1186/s13048-023-01122-4. J Ovarian Res. 2023. PMID: 36823522 Free PMC article.
-
Transforming growth factor β1 impairs the transcriptomic response to contraction in myotubes from women with polycystic ovary syndrome.J Physiol. 2022 Jul;600(14):3313-3330. doi: 10.1113/JP282954. Epub 2022 Jun 27. J Physiol. 2022. PMID: 35760527 Free PMC article.
-
Correlation Between Serum AMH Levels and Cardiometabolic Indices in PCOS Women.Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2021 Nov-Dec;25(6):545-550. doi: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_421_21. Epub 2022 Feb 17. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2021. PMID: 35355916 Free PMC article.
-
Body Composition and Its Impact on the Hormonal Disturbances in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.Nutrients. 2021 Nov 24;13(12):4217. doi: 10.3390/nu13124217. Nutrients. 2021. PMID: 34959767 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Medical
Research Materials