Pre-school hyperactivity/attention problems and educational outcomes in adolescence: prospective longitudinal study
- PMID: 23969481
- DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.112.123562
Pre-school hyperactivity/attention problems and educational outcomes in adolescence: prospective longitudinal study
Abstract
Background: High levels of attentional and hyperactivity problems in school-aged children, even if subthreshold for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), are associated with academic under-achievement. Few large-scale, community-based studies have investigated the relationship between pre-school and adolescence.
Aims: To investigate whether pre-school hyperactivity/inattention and conduct problems are independently associated with academic outcomes at age 16.
Method: Data from the prospective, population-based Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) were used. After adjusting for a broad range of confounder variables, the associations between parent-rated hyperactivity/inattention and conduct problems measured at age 3 and academic outcomes at age 16 (national General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) examination results) were investigated (n = 11 640).
Results: Both early hyperactivity/inattention and conduct problems had negative effects on academic outcomes. In adjusted analyses, abnormal hyperactivity/inattention scores were associated with reductions of ten GCSE points in boys. Borderline and abnormal conduct problem scores were associated with reductions of 9-10 and 12-15 points respectively.
Conclusions: Pre-school hyperactivity/inattention and conduct problems carry risk of worse academic outcomes at 16.
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