Intrinsic antiviral immunity
- PMID: 22344284
- PMCID: PMC3549670
- DOI: 10.1038/ni.2229
Intrinsic antiviral immunity
Abstract
Intrinsic antiviral immunity refers to a form of innate immunity that directly restricts viral replication and assembly, thereby rendering a cell nonpermissive to a specific class or species of viruses. Intrinsic immunity is conferred by restriction factors that are mostly preexistent in certain cell types, although these factors can be further induced by viral infection. Intrinsic virus-restriction factors recognize specific viral components, but unlike other pattern-recognition receptors that inhibit viral infection indirectly by inducing interferons and other antiviral molecules, intrinsic antiviral factors block viral replication immediately and directly. This review focuses on recent advances in understanding of the roles of intrinsic antiviral factors that restrict infection by human immunodeficiency virus and influenza virus.
Figures
![Figure 1](https://cdn.statically.io/img/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/3549670/bin/nihms-429557-f0001.gif)
![Figure 2](https://cdn.statically.io/img/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/3549670/bin/nihms-429557-f0002.gif)
![Figure 3](https://cdn.statically.io/img/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/3549670/bin/nihms-429557-f0003.gif)
Similar articles
-
Innate immunity to influenza virus infection.Nat Rev Immunol. 2014 May;14(5):315-28. doi: 10.1038/nri3665. Nat Rev Immunol. 2014. PMID: 24762827 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase SHP2 Suppresses Host Innate Immunity against Influenza A Virus by Regulating EGFR-Mediated Signaling.J Virol. 2021 Feb 24;95(6):e02001-20. doi: 10.1128/JVI.02001-20. Print 2021 Feb 24. J Virol. 2021. PMID: 33361428 Free PMC article.
-
Loss of the Nuclear Protein RTF2 Enhances Influenza Virus Replication.J Virol. 2020 Oct 27;94(22):e00319-20. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00319-20. Print 2020 Oct 27. J Virol. 2020. PMID: 32878895 Free PMC article.
-
Interplay between Intrinsic and Innate Immunity during HIV Infection.Cells. 2019 Aug 17;8(8):922. doi: 10.3390/cells8080922. Cells. 2019. PMID: 31426525 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Identification of lncRNA-155 encoded by MIR155HG as a novel regulator of innate immunity against influenza A virus infection.Cell Microbiol. 2019 Aug;21(8):e13036. doi: 10.1111/cmi.13036. Epub 2019 May 29. Cell Microbiol. 2019. PMID: 31045320
Cited by
-
Editorial: Immunotherapies against infectious diseases.Front Med (Lausanne). 2024 May 16;11:1426765. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1426765. eCollection 2024. Front Med (Lausanne). 2024. PMID: 38818390 Free PMC article. No abstract available.
-
Inflammation in HIV and Its Impact on Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease.Circ Res. 2024 May 24;134(11):1515-1545. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.124.323891. Epub 2024 May 23. Circ Res. 2024. PMID: 38781301 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Gérard Orth: From Viral to Human Genes Underlying Warts.J Clin Immunol. 2024 Apr 27;44(5):106. doi: 10.1007/s10875-024-01704-x. J Clin Immunol. 2024. PMID: 38676837 Free PMC article. No abstract available.
-
Signaling by Type I Interferons in Immune Cells: Disease Consequences.Cancers (Basel). 2024 Apr 22;16(8):1600. doi: 10.3390/cancers16081600. Cancers (Basel). 2024. PMID: 38672681 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Epigenetic Restriction Factors (eRFs) in Virus Infection.Viruses. 2024 Jan 25;16(2):183. doi: 10.3390/v16020183. Viruses. 2024. PMID: 38399958 Free PMC article. Review.
References
-
- Hamilton AJ, Baulcombe DC. A species of small antisense RNA in posttranscriptional gene silencing in plants. Science. 1999;286:950–952. - PubMed
-
- Zamore PD, Tuschl T, Sharp PA, Bartel DP. RNAi: double-stranded RNA directs the ATP-dependent cleavage of mRNA at 21 to 23 nucleotide intervals. Cell. 2000;101:25–33. - PubMed
Publication types
MeSH terms
Grants and funding
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Medical