Neurochemokines: a menage a trois providing new insights on the functions of chemokines in the central nervous system
- PMID: 21722132
- DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2011.07371.x
Neurochemokines: a menage a trois providing new insights on the functions of chemokines in the central nervous system
Abstract
Recent observations suggest that besides their role in the immune system, chemokines have important functions in the brain. There is a great line of evidence to suggest that chemokines are a unique class of neurotransmitters/neuromodulators, which regulate many biological aspects as diverse as neurodevelopment, neuroinflammation and synaptic transmission. In physiopathological conditions, many chemokines are synthesized in activated astrocytes and microglial cells, suggesting their involvement in brain defense mechanisms. However, when evoking chemokine functions in the nervous system, it is important to make a distinction between resting conditions and various pathological states including inflammatory diseases, autoimmune or neurodegenerative disorders in which chemokine functions have been extensively studied. We illustrate here the emergent concept of the neuromodulatory/neurotransmitter activities of neurochemokines and their potential role as a regulatory alarm system and as a group of messenger molecules for the crosstalk between neurons and cells from their surrounding microenvironment. In this deliberately challenging review, we provide novel hypotheses on the role of these subtle messenger molecules in brain functions leading to the evidence that previous dogmas concerning chemokines should be reconsidered.
© 2011 The Authors. Journal of Neurochemistry © 2011 International Society for Neurochemistry.
Similar articles
-
Chemokines and their receptors in the central nervous system.Front Neuroendocrinol. 2001 Jul;22(3):147-84. doi: 10.1006/frne.2001.0214. Front Neuroendocrinol. 2001. PMID: 11456467 Review.
-
Chemokines/chemokine receptors in the central nervous system and Alzheimer's disease.J Neurovirol. 1999 Feb;5(1):32-41. doi: 10.3109/13550289909029743. J Neurovirol. 1999. PMID: 10190688 Review.
-
Chemokine receptors in the central nervous system: role in brain inflammation and neurodegenerative diseases.Brain Res Brain Res Rev. 2005 Feb;48(1):16-42. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2004.07.021. Brain Res Brain Res Rev. 2005. PMID: 15708626 Review.
-
Chemokines: a new class of neuromodulator?Nat Rev Neurosci. 2007 Nov;8(11):895-903. doi: 10.1038/nrn2255. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2007. PMID: 17948033 Review.
-
Chemokines and chemokine receptors in the brain: implication in neuroendocrine regulation.J Mol Endocrinol. 2007 Mar;38(3):355-63. doi: 10.1677/JME-06-0035. J Mol Endocrinol. 2007. PMID: 17339398 Review.
Cited by
-
IL-8 (CXCL8) Correlations with Psychoneuroimmunological Processes and Neuropsychiatric Conditions.J Pers Med. 2024 May 3;14(5):488. doi: 10.3390/jpm14050488. J Pers Med. 2024. PMID: 38793070 Free PMC article. Review.
-
The Potential Role of RANTES in Post-Stroke Therapy.Cells. 2023 Sep 6;12(18):2217. doi: 10.3390/cells12182217. Cells. 2023. PMID: 37759440 Free PMC article.
-
The Inflammatory Signals Associated with Psychosis: Impact of Comorbid Drug Abuse.Biomedicines. 2023 Feb 4;11(2):454. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines11020454. Biomedicines. 2023. PMID: 36830990 Free PMC article. Review.
-
SOMAscan Proteomics Identifies Novel Plasma Proteins in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Patients.Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jan 18;24(3):1899. doi: 10.3390/ijms24031899. Int J Mol Sci. 2023. PMID: 36768220 Free PMC article.
-
The cryptic role of CXCL17/CXCR8 axis in the pathogenesis of cancers: a review of the latest evidence.J Cell Commun Signal. 2023 Sep;17(3):409-422. doi: 10.1007/s12079-022-00699-7. Epub 2022 Nov 9. J Cell Commun Signal. 2023. PMID: 36352331 Free PMC article. Review.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources