Bactericidal activity of mouse α-defensin cryptdin-4 predominantly affects noncommensal bacteria
- PMID: 21099205
- DOI: 10.1159/000322037
Bactericidal activity of mouse α-defensin cryptdin-4 predominantly affects noncommensal bacteria
Abstract
Mouse Paneth cell α-defensins, termed cryptdins, are secreted into the intestinal lumen, have microbicidal activity, and contribute to intestinal innate immunity. Among them, cryptdin-4 (Crp4) has the most potent microbicidal activity. In the intestinal lumen, commensal bacteria colonize and elicit beneficial effects in the host. However, the effects of Crp4 against commensal bacteria are poorly understood. Thus, we investigated the bactericidal activities of Crp4 against commensal bacteria compared to noncommensal bacteria. Oxidized Crp4 showed only minimal or no bactericidal activity against 8 out of 12 commensal bacterial species, including Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacillus casei. We further addressed a role of the conserved disulfide bonds of Crp4 by analyzing reduced Crp4 (r-Crp4). r-Crp4 demonstrated significantly greater bactericidal activities against 7 of 12 commensal bacteria than did oxidized Crp4. Oxidized Crp4 and r-Crp4 elicited equivalently potent bactericidal activities against 11 of the 11 noncommensal bacteria tested, such as Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium,and against 5 of 12 commensal bacteria. Furthermore, when r-Crp4 was exposed to a processing enzyme of cryptdins, i.e. MMP-7, r-Crp4 was degraded and the bactericidal activities disappeared. These findings suggest that Crp4 has selective bactericidal activities against intestinal microbiota and that the activities are dependent on the disulfide bonds.
Copyright © 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel.
Similar articles
-
Potent bactericidal activity of reduced cryptdin-4 derived from its hydrophobicity and mediated by bacterial membrane disruption.Amino Acids. 2022 Feb;54(2):289-297. doi: 10.1007/s00726-021-03115-3. Epub 2022 Jan 17. Amino Acids. 2022. PMID: 35037097
-
Matrix metalloproteinase-7 activation of mouse paneth cell pro-alpha-defensins: SER43 down arrow ILE44 proteolysis enables membrane-disruptive activity.J Biol Chem. 2006 Sep 29;281(39):28932-42. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M602041200. Epub 2006 Jul 5. J Biol Chem. 2006. PMID: 16822871
-
Anionic amino acids near the pro-alpha-defensin N terminus mediate inhibition of bactericidal activity in mouse pro-cryptdin-4.J Biol Chem. 2009 Mar 13;284(11):6826-31. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M807024200. Epub 2008 Dec 23. J Biol Chem. 2009. PMID: 19106102 Free PMC article.
-
Paneth cell α-defensins and enteric microbiota in health and disease.Biosci Microbiota Food Health. 2016;35(2):57-67. doi: 10.12938/bmfh.2015-019. Epub 2015 Nov 26. Biosci Microbiota Food Health. 2016. PMID: 27200259 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Regulation of microbiota by antimicrobial peptides in the gut.Adv Otorhinolaryngol. 2011;72:97-9. doi: 10.1159/000324625. Epub 2011 Aug 18. Adv Otorhinolaryngol. 2011. PMID: 21865701 Review.
Cited by
-
Bacteria colonization and gene expression related to immune function in colon mucosa is associated with growth in neonatal calves regardless of live yeast supplementation.J Anim Sci Biotechnol. 2024 Jun 5;15(1):76. doi: 10.1186/s40104-024-01030-7. J Anim Sci Biotechnol. 2024. PMID: 38835065 Free PMC article.
-
Effects of exposure to the neonicotinoid pesticide clothianidin on α-defensin secretion and gut microbiota in mice.J Vet Med Sci. 2024 Mar 1;86(3):277-284. doi: 10.1292/jvms.23-0514. Epub 2024 Jan 23. J Vet Med Sci. 2024. PMID: 38267031 Free PMC article.
-
Alterations in fecal β-defensin-3 secretion as a marker of instability of the gut microbiota.Gut Microbes. 2023 Jan-Dec;15(1):2233679. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2233679. Gut Microbes. 2023. PMID: 37464450 Free PMC article.
-
Antimicrobial Properties and Mode of Action of Cryptdin-4, a Mouse α-Defensin Regulated by Peptide Redox Structures and Bacterial Cultivation Conditions.Antibiotics (Basel). 2023 Jun 14;12(6):1047. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics12061047. Antibiotics (Basel). 2023. PMID: 37370366 Free PMC article.
-
Intestinal α-Defensins Play a Minor Role in Modulating the Small Intestinal Microbiota Composition as Compared to Diet.Microbiol Spectr. 2023 Jun 15;11(3):e0056723. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.00567-23. Epub 2023 Apr 11. Microbiol Spectr. 2023. PMID: 37039638 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources