Reduction in weight and cardiovascular disease risk factors in individuals with type 2 diabetes: one-year results of the look AHEAD trial
- PMID: 17363746
- PMCID: PMC2665929
- DOI: 10.2337/dc07-0048
Reduction in weight and cardiovascular disease risk factors in individuals with type 2 diabetes: one-year results of the look AHEAD trial
Abstract
Objective: The effectiveness of intentional weight loss in reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) events in type 2 diabetes is unknown. This report describes 1-year changes in CVD risk factors in a trial designed to examine the long-term effects of an intensive lifestyle intervention on the incidence of major CVD events.
Research design and methods: This study consisted of a multicentered, randomized, controlled trial of 5,145 individuals with type 2 diabetes, aged 45-74 years, with BMI >25 kg/m2 (>27 kg/m2 if taking insulin). An intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) involving group and individual meetings to achieve and maintain weight loss through decreased caloric intake and increased physical activity was compared with a diabetes support and education (DSE) condition.
Results: Participants assigned to ILI lost an average 8.6% of their initial weight vs. 0.7% in DSE group (P < 0.001). Mean fitness increased in ILI by 20.9 vs. 5.8% in DSE (P < 0.001). A greater proportion of ILI participants had reductions in diabetes, hypertension, and lipid-lowering medicines. Mean A1C dropped from 7.3 to 6.6% in ILI (P < 0.001) vs. from 7.3 to 7.2% in DSE. Systolic and diastolic pressure, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio improved significantly more in ILI than DSE participants (all P < 0.01).
Conclusions: At 1 year, ILI resulted in clinically significant weight loss in people with type 2 diabetes. This was associated with improved diabetes control and CVD risk factors and reduced medicine use in ILI versus DSE. Continued intervention and follow-up will determine whether these changes are maintained and will reduce CVD risk.
Figures
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Comment in
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An intensive lifestyle intervention reduced weight and cardiovascular disease risk factors in obese participants with type 2 diabetes at 1 year in an interim analysis.Evid Based Med. 2007 Dec;12(6):180. doi: 10.1136/ebm.12.6.180. Evid Based Med. 2007. PMID: 18063740 No abstract available.
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An intensive lifestyle intervention reduced weight and cardiovascular disease risk factors in overweight and obese people with type 2 diabetes.Evid Based Nurs. 2008 Jan;11(1):16. doi: 10.1136/ebn.11.1.16. Evid Based Nurs. 2008. PMID: 18192521 No abstract available.
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