Nitric oxide synthesis is required for exercise-induced increases in hippocampal BDNF and phosphatidylinositol 3' kinase expression
- PMID: 16377431
- DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2005.08.013
Nitric oxide synthesis is required for exercise-induced increases in hippocampal BDNF and phosphatidylinositol 3' kinase expression
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that running exercise, either alone or in combination with antidepressant treatment, results in increased hippocampal BDNF levels. Nitric oxide (NO) is an important signaling molecule that has neuronal survival-promoting properties and has been shown to play an important role in plasticity associated with activating interventions. Herein, we administered the NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor, N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), in conjunction with the monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) antidepressant, tranylcypromine, and voluntary wheel-running exercise to determine whether the enhancement in full-length BDNF mRNA occurring with these interventions is dependent upon NO synthesis. Our results demonstrate that both chronic exercise and chronic exercise-plus-tranylcypromine lead to enhanced hippocampal BDNF mRNA and protein expression. NOS inhibition prevents this effect of chronic exercise, but only partly prevents the effects of the exercise/antidepressant combination. Thus, the robust enhancement in BDNF mRNA occurring with exercise appears to be NO synthesis-dependent, but the intervention including antidepressant may enhance BDNF expression through alternative intracellular mechanisms. In addition, because exercise and antidepressants have both been shown to activate survival-promoting genes, we evaluated the levels of hippocampal phosphatidylinositol 3' kinase (PI-3K), an important signaling molecule within a principal neuronal survival-promoting intracellular pathway. Like BDNF mRNA and protein, exercise increases the expression of PI-3K, whereas concomitant NOS inhibition prevents this increase in PI-3K immunoreactivity above control levels. Our results are discussed in light of possible overlapping, but distinct intracellular pathways activated by exercise and antidepressant treatment to bring about enhancements in BDNF expression and other survival-promoting effects. These findings further demonstrate the potential therapeutic potential of chronic exercise to supplement pharmacotherapeutic treatment of mood disorders.
Similar articles
-
Running exercise- and antidepressant-induced increases in growth and survival-associated signaling molecules are IGF-dependent.Growth Factors. 2007 Apr;25(2):118-31. doi: 10.1080/08977190701602329. Growth Factors. 2007. PMID: 17852404
-
Norepinephrine induces BDNF and activates the PI-3K and MAPK cascades in embryonic hippocampal neurons.Cell Signal. 2007 Jan;19(1):114-28. doi: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2006.05.028. Epub 2006 Jun 7. Cell Signal. 2007. PMID: 16876982
-
Insulin-like growth factor I interfaces with brain-derived neurotrophic factor-mediated synaptic plasticity to modulate aspects of exercise-induced cognitive function.Neuroscience. 2006 Jul 7;140(3):823-33. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.02.084. Epub 2006 May 2. Neuroscience. 2006. PMID: 16650607
-
Behavioral and serotonergic consequences of decreasing or increasing hippocampus brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein levels in mice.Neuropharmacology. 2008 Nov;55(6):1006-14. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.08.001. Epub 2008 Aug 12. Neuropharmacology. 2008. PMID: 18761360 Review.
-
The effect of physical activity on the brain derived neurotrophic factor: from animal to human studies.J Physiol Pharmacol. 2010 Oct;61(5):533-41. J Physiol Pharmacol. 2010. PMID: 21081796 Review.
Cited by
-
Impact of Exercise Intensity on Cerebral BDNF Levels: Role of FNDC5/Irisin.Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Jan 19;25(2):1213. doi: 10.3390/ijms25021213. Int J Mol Sci. 2024. PMID: 38279218 Free PMC article.
-
Mitigating effect of ferulic acid on di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-induced neurocognitive dysfunction in male rats with a comprehensive in silico survey.Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2024 May;397(5):3493-3512. doi: 10.1007/s00210-023-02831-9. Epub 2023 Nov 15. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2024. PMID: 37966574 Free PMC article.
-
Molecular mechanisms underlying physical exercise-induced brain BDNF overproduction.Front Mol Neurosci. 2023 Oct 5;16:1275924. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1275924. eCollection 2023. Front Mol Neurosci. 2023. PMID: 37868812 Free PMC article. Review.
-
The protective role of exercise against age-related neurodegeneration.Ageing Res Rev. 2022 Feb;74:101543. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101543. Epub 2021 Dec 17. Ageing Res Rev. 2022. PMID: 34923167 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Hydroalcoholic Extract of Anchusa Italica Protects Global Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Via a Nitrergic Mechanism.Basic Clin Neurosci. 2020 May-Jun;11(3):323-332. doi: 10.32598/bcn.11.2.1665.2. Epub 2020 May 1. Basic Clin Neurosci. 2020. PMID: 32963725 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
Grants and funding
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Research Materials
Miscellaneous