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Guideline
. 2004 Dec;23(6):1430-53.
doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2004.09.012.

Bioelectrical impedance analysis-part II: utilization in clinical practice

Ursula G Kyle  1 , Ingvar Bosaeus, Antonio D De Lorenzo, Paul Deurenberg, Marinos Elia, José Manuel Gómez, Berit Lilienthal Heitmann, Luisa Kent-Smith, Jean-Claude Melchior, Matthias Pirlich, Hermann Scharfetter, Annemie M W J Schols, Claude Pichard; ESPEN
Affiliations
Guideline

Bioelectrical impedance analysis-part II: utilization in clinical practice

Ursula G Kyle et al. Clin Nutr. 2004 Dec.

Abstract

BIA is easy, non-invasive, relatively inexpensive and can be performed in almost any subject because it is portable. Part II of these ESPEN guidelines reports results for fat-free mass (FFM), body fat (BF), body cell mass (BCM), total body water (TBW), extracellular water (ECW) and intracellular water (ICW) from various studies in healthy and ill subjects. The data suggests that BIA works well in healthy subjects and in patients with stable water and electrolytes balance with a validated BIA equation that is appropriate with regard to age, sex and race. Clinical use of BIA in subjects at extremes of BMI ranges or with abnormal hydration cannot be recommended for routine assessment of patients until further validation has proven for BIA algorithm to be accurate in such conditions. Multi-frequency- and segmental-BIA may have advantages over single-frequency BIA in these conditions, but further validation is necessary. Longitudinal follow-up of body composition by BIA is possible in subjects with BMI 16-34 kg/m(2) without abnormal hydration, but must be interpreted with caution. Further validation of BIA is necessary to understand the mechanisms for the changes observed in acute illness, altered fat/lean mass ratios, extreme heights and body shape abnormalities.

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Comment on

  • Bioelectrical impedance analysis--part I: review of principles and methods.
    Kyle UG, Bosaeus I, De Lorenzo AD, Deurenberg P, Elia M, Gómez JM, Heitmann BL, Kent-Smith L, Melchior JC, Pirlich M, Scharfetter H, Schols AM, Pichard C; Composition of the ESPEN Working Group. Kyle UG, et al. Clin Nutr. 2004 Oct;23(5):1226-43. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2004.06.004. Clin Nutr. 2004. PMID: 15380917 Review.

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