Vitamin E in human low-density lipoprotein. When and how this antioxidant becomes a pro-oxidant
- PMID: 1463440
- PMCID: PMC1132016
- DOI: 10.1042/bj2880341
Vitamin E in human low-density lipoprotein. When and how this antioxidant becomes a pro-oxidant
Abstract
Uptake of oxidatively modified low-density lipoprotein (LDL) by cells in the arterial wall is believed to be an important early event in the development of atherosclerosis. Because vitamin E is the major antioxidant present in human lipoproteins, it has received much attention as a suppressor of LDL lipid oxidation and as an epidemiological marker for ischaemic heart disease. However, a careful examination of lipid peroxidation in LDL induced by a steady flux of aqueous peroxyl radicals has demonstrated that, following consumption of endogenous ubiquinol-10, the rate of peroxidation (i) declines as vitamin E is consumed, (ii) is faster in the presence of vitamin E than following its complete consumption, (iii) is substantially accelerated by enrichment of the vitamin in LDL, either in vitro or by diet, and (iv) is virtually independent of the applied radical flux. We propose that perodixation is propagated within lipoprotein particles by reaction of the vitamin E radical (i.e. alpha-tocopheroxyl radical) with polyunsaturated fatty acid moieties in the lipid. This lipid peroxidation mechanism, which can readily be rationalized by the known chemistry of the alpha-tocopheroxyl radical and by the radical-isolating properties of fine emulsions such as LDL, explains how reagents which reduce the alpha-tocopheroxyl radical (i.e. vitamin C and ubiquinol-10) strongly inhibit lipid peroxidation in vitamin E-containing LDL.
Similar articles
-
A critical overview of the chemistry of copper-dependent low density lipoprotein oxidation: roles of lipid hydroperoxides, alpha-tocopherol, thiols, and ceruloplasmin.Arch Biochem Biophys. 2001 Oct 1;394(1):117-35. doi: 10.1006/abbi.2001.2509. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2001. PMID: 11566034 Review.
-
Molecular action of vitamin E in lipoprotein oxidation: implications for atherosclerosis.Free Radic Biol Med. 2000 Jun 15;28(12):1795-805. doi: 10.1016/s0891-5849(00)00236-7. Free Radic Biol Med. 2000. PMID: 10946221 Review.
-
Role of alpha-tocopheroxyl radical in the initiation of lipid peroxidation in human low-density lipoprotein exposed to horse radish peroxidase.Biochemistry. 1997 Feb 11;36(6):1251-8. doi: 10.1021/bi962493j. Biochemistry. 1997. PMID: 9063873
-
Alpha-tocopherol mediated peroxidation in the copper (II) and met myoglobin induced oxidation of human low density lipoprotein: the influence of lipid hydroperoxides.FEBS Lett. 1995 Mar 6;360(3):271-6. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(95)00122-p. FEBS Lett. 1995. PMID: 7883046
-
Two related phenolic antioxidants with opposite effects on vitamin E content in low density lipoproteins oxidized by ferrylmyoglobin: consumption vs regeneration.Arch Biochem Biophys. 1995 Nov 10;323(2):373-81. doi: 10.1006/abbi.1995.0057. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1995. PMID: 7487101
Cited by
-
Actions of Thiols, Persulfides, and Polysulfides as Free Radical Scavenging Antioxidants.Antioxid Redox Signal. 2023 Oct;39(10-12):728-743. doi: 10.1089/ars.2022.0191. Epub 2023 Jun 23. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2023. PMID: 37154744 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Oxygen for the Newborn: Friend or Foe?Children (Basel). 2023 Mar 17;10(3):579. doi: 10.3390/children10030579. Children (Basel). 2023. PMID: 36980137 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Ferroptotic mechanisms and therapeutic targeting of iron metabolism and lipid peroxidation in the kidney.Nat Rev Nephrol. 2023 May;19(5):315-336. doi: 10.1038/s41581-023-00689-x. Epub 2023 Mar 15. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2023. PMID: 36922653 Review.
-
On the Potential Role of the Antioxidant Couple Vitamin E/Selenium Taken by the Oral Route in Skin and Hair Health.Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Nov 17;11(11):2270. doi: 10.3390/antiox11112270. Antioxidants (Basel). 2022. PMID: 36421456 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Lipophilic and Hydrophilic Compounds from Arthrospira platensis and Its Effects on Tissue and Blood Cells-An Overview.Life (Basel). 2022 Sep 26;12(10):1497. doi: 10.3390/life12101497. Life (Basel). 2022. PMID: 36294932 Free PMC article. Review.
References
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Medical