The evolution, distribution and diversity of endogenous retroviruses
- PMID: 12876457
- DOI: 10.1023/a:1024455415443
The evolution, distribution and diversity of endogenous retroviruses
Abstract
The retroviral capacity for integration into the host genome can give rise to endogenous retroviruses (ERVs): retroviral sequences that are transmitted vertically as part of the host germ line, within which they may continue to replicate and evolve. ERVs represent both a unique archive of ancient viral sequence information and a dynamic component of host genomes. As such they hold great potential as informative markers for studies of both virus evolution and host genome evolution. Numerous novel ERVs have been described in recent years, particularly as genome sequencing projects have advanced. This review discusses the evolution of ERV lineages, considering the processes by which ERV distribution and diversity is generated. The diversity of ERVs isolated so far is summarised in terms of both their distribution across host taxa, and their relationships to recognised retroviral genera. Finally the relevance of ERVs to studies of genome evolution, host disease and viral ecology is considered, and recent findings discussed.
Similar articles
-
Pan-vertebrate comparative genomics unmasks retrovirus macroevolution.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Jan 13;112(2):464-9. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1414980112. Epub 2014 Dec 22. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015. PMID: 25535393 Free PMC article.
-
Distribution, Diversity, and Evolution of Endogenous Retroviruses in Perissodactyl Genomes.J Virol. 2018 Nov 12;92(23):e00927-18. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00927-18. Print 2018 Dec 1. J Virol. 2018. PMID: 30209175 Free PMC article.
-
Evolution and gene capture in ancient endogenous retroviruses - insights from the crocodilian genomes.Retrovirology. 2014 Dec 12;11:71. doi: 10.1186/s12977-014-0071-2. Retrovirology. 2014. PMID: 25499090 Free PMC article.
-
On the classification and evolution of endogenous retrovirus: human endogenous retroviruses may not be 'human' after all.APMIS. 2016 Jan-Feb;124(1-2):44-51. doi: 10.1111/apm.12489. APMIS. 2016. PMID: 26818261 Review.
-
Nomenclature for endogenous retrovirus (ERV) loci.Retrovirology. 2018 Aug 28;15(1):59. doi: 10.1186/s12977-018-0442-1. Retrovirology. 2018. PMID: 30153831 Free PMC article. Review.
Cited by
-
Integrating human endogenous retroviruses into transcriptome-wide association studies highlights novel risk factors for major psychiatric conditions.Nat Commun. 2024 May 22;15(1):3803. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-48153-z. Nat Commun. 2024. PMID: 38778015 Free PMC article.
-
Endogenous retroviral solo-LTRs in human genome.Front Genet. 2024 Mar 28;15:1358078. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1358078. eCollection 2024. Front Genet. 2024. PMID: 38606358 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Evolution of Endogenous Retroviruses in the Subfamily of Caprinae.Viruses. 2024 Mar 4;16(3):398. doi: 10.3390/v16030398. Viruses. 2024. PMID: 38543763 Free PMC article.
-
Epigenetic Restriction Factors (eRFs) in Virus Infection.Viruses. 2024 Jan 25;16(2):183. doi: 10.3390/v16020183. Viruses. 2024. PMID: 38399958 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Human Endogenous Retrovirus-K (HML-2)-Related Genetic Variation: Human Genome Diversity and Disease.Genes (Basel). 2023 Nov 28;14(12):2150. doi: 10.3390/genes14122150. Genes (Basel). 2023. PMID: 38136972 Free PMC article. Review.
References
Publication types
MeSH terms
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Research Materials