A conceptual model provides accurate forecasts of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) climate phenomenon 16–18 months in advance, outperforming global climate models and rivalling the best forecasts using artificial-intelligence methods. The model quantifies the effects of ocean climate patterns on ENSO predictability.

A compilation of four single-cell and spatial atlases of spinal-cord injury in mice enables researchers to uncover the principles governing biological responses to such injuries. These discoveries are used to develop a gene therapy that can restore neurological functions in mice.

The brain vasculature is important for the developing and mature human brain, and it plays crucial parts in several brain pathologies. Single-cell RNA sequencing enabled the construction of a single-cell atlas of the fetal, adult healthy and adult diseased human brain vasculature, uncovering its molecular architecture and heterogeneity, and capturing reactivated fetal programs as well as conserved properties in the diseased vascular endothelium.

An unusual form of cell death called ferroptosis can sweep over embryonic tissues in a wave-like manner to ensure proper muscle development — evidence that ferroptosis has a role in normal physiology.