Variations on an inhibitory theme: phasic and tonic activation of GABA(A) receptors
- PMID: 15738957
- DOI: 10.1038/nrn1625
Variations on an inhibitory theme: phasic and tonic activation of GABA(A) receptors
Abstract
The proper functioning of the adult mammalian brain relies on the orchestrated regulation of neural activity by a diverse population of GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid)-releasing neurons. Until recently, our appreciation of GABA-mediated inhibition focused predominantly on the GABA(A) (GABA type A) receptors located at synaptic contacts, which are activated in a transient or 'phasic' manner by GABA that is released from synaptic vesicles. However, there is growing evidence that low concentrations of ambient GABA can persistently activate certain subtypes of GABA(A) receptor, which are often remote from synapses, to generate a 'tonic' conductance. In this review, we consider the distinct roles of synaptic and extrasynaptic GABA receptor subtypes in the control of neuronal excitability.
Similar articles
-
GABA uptake regulates cortical excitability via cell type-specific tonic inhibition.Nat Neurosci. 2003 May;6(5):484-90. doi: 10.1038/nn1043. Nat Neurosci. 2003. PMID: 12679782
-
Role of GABAA receptors in the physiology and pharmacology of sleep.Eur J Neurosci. 2009 May;29(9):1779-94. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2009.06716.x. Epub 2009 Apr 27. Eur J Neurosci. 2009. PMID: 19473233 Review.
-
Graded response to GABA by native extrasynaptic GABA receptors.J Neurochem. 2006 Jun;97(5):1349-56. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03811.x. Epub 2006 Mar 29. J Neurochem. 2006. PMID: 16573642
-
Extrasynaptic-GABA-mediated neuromodulation in a sensory cortical neural network.Network. 2008;19(2):95-117. doi: 10.1080/09548980701840343. Network. 2008. PMID: 18569723
-
Regulation of excitation by GABA(A) receptor internalization.Results Probl Cell Differ. 2008;44:1-28. doi: 10.1007/400_2007_039. Results Probl Cell Differ. 2008. PMID: 17549438 Review.
Cited by
-
Evolution of a novel adrenal cell type that promotes parental care.Nature. 2024 May;629(8014):1082-1090. doi: 10.1038/s41586-024-07423-y. Epub 2024 May 15. Nature. 2024. PMID: 38750354
-
Extrasynaptic δGABAA receptors mediate resistance to migraine-like phenotype in rats.J Headache Pain. 2024 May 10;25(1):75. doi: 10.1186/s10194-024-01777-4. J Headache Pain. 2024. PMID: 38724972 Free PMC article.
-
GABA system as the cause and effect in early development.Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2024 Jun;161:105651. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105651. Epub 2024 Apr 4. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2024. PMID: 38579901 Review.
-
Chloride ions in health and disease.Biosci Rep. 2024 May 29;44(5):BSR20240029. doi: 10.1042/BSR20240029. Biosci Rep. 2024. PMID: 38573803 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Membranes and Synaptosomes Used to Investigate Synaptic GABAergic Currents in Epileptic Patients.Membranes (Basel). 2024 Mar 2;14(3):64. doi: 10.3390/membranes14030064. Membranes (Basel). 2024. PMID: 38535283 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Molecular Biology Databases