Methods for finding frequent items in data streams

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Abstract

The frequent items problem is to process a stream of items and find all items occurring more than a given fraction of the time. It is one of the most heavily studied problems in data stream mining, dating back to the 1980s. Many applications rely directly or indirectly on finding the frequent items, and implementations are in use in large scale industrial systems. However, there has not been much comparison of the different methods under uniform experimental conditions. It is common to find papers touching on this topic in which important related work is mischaracterized, overlooked, or reinvented. In this paper, we aim to present the most important algorithms for this problem in a common framework. We have created baseline implementations of the algorithms and used these to perform a thorough experimental study of their properties. We give empirical evidence that there is considerable variation in the performance of frequent items algorithms. The best methods can be implemented to find frequent items with high accuracy using only tens of kilobytes of memory, at rates of millions of items per second on cheap modern hardware.

Item Type: Journal Article
Divisions: Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Computer Science
Journal or Publication Title: VLDB Journal - The International Journal on Very Large Data Bases
Publisher: Springer
ISSN: 1066-8888
Official Date: February 2010
Dates:
Date
Event
February 2010
Published
Volume: 19
Number: 1
Page Range: pp. 3-20
DOI: 10.1007/s00778-009-0172-z
Status: Peer Reviewed
Publication Status: Published
Access rights to Published version: Restricted or Subscription Access
Persistent URL: https://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/54732/

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