Background: Down syndrome (DS) is a risk factor for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
hospitalization, but little is known about prophylaxis in these children. Methods: CARESS is
a prospective registry of children who received≥ 1 dose of palivizumab during the 2006–
2012 RSV seasons across 32 sites in Canada. The objective was to compare respiratory
illness hospitalization and RSV hospitalization (RSVH) hazard ratios in DS children aged< 2
years who received palivizumab versus children who received prophylaxis for standard�…

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Children with Down syndrome (DS) are at significant
risk for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection and related hospitalization. We compared
hospitalization rates due to respiratory tract infection in children with DS aged< 2 years who
prospectively received palivizumab during the RSV season with a previously published,
similar untreated DS birth cohort. METHODS: A total of 532 children with DS who
prospectively received palivizumab were assembled from the prospective Canadian RSV�…