▪ Abstract The size and frequency of meals are fundamental aspects of nutrition that can
have profound effects on the health and longevity of laboratory animals. In humans,
excessive energy intake is associated with increased incidence of cardiovascular disease,
diabetes, and certain cancers and is a major cause of disability and death in industrialized
countries. On the other hand, the influence of meal frequency on human health and
longevity is unclear. Both caloric (energy) restriction (CR) and reduced meal�…