Obesity predisposes individuals to the development of insulin resistance in skeletal muscle
and the liver, and researchers have recently proposed two mechanisms by which excess�…

The recent implementation of genomic and lipidomic approaches has produced a large
body of evidence implicating the sphingolipid ceramide in a diverse range of physiological�…

Obesity and dyslipidemia are risk factors for metabolic disorders including diabetes and
cardiovascular disease. Sphingolipids such as ceramide and glucosylceramides, while�…

Summary Insulin resistance occurs in 20%–25% of the human population, and the condition
is a chief component of type 2 diabetes mellitus and a risk factor for cardiovascular disease�…

The sphingomyelin derivative ceramide is a signaling molecule implicated in numerous
physiological events. Recently published reports indicate that ceramide levels are elevated�…

Akt is a serine/threonine kinase that requires a functional phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase to be
stimulated by insulin and other growth factors. When directed to membranes by the addition�…

Bell's inequalities are briefly presented in the context of order‐unit spaces and then studied
in some detail in the framework of C*‐algebras. The discussion is then specialized to�…

Obesity is associated with an enhanced inflammatory response that exacerbates insulin
resistance and contributes to diabetes, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease. One�…

The adipocyte-derived secretory factor adiponectin promotes insulin sensitivity, decreases
inflammation and promotes cell survival. No unifying mechanism has yet explained how�…

Ceramides contribute to the lipotoxicity that underlies diabetes, hepatic steatosis, and heart
disease. By genetically engineering mice, we deleted the enzyme dihydroceramide�…