The prevalence, age of onset, and symptomatology of many neuropsychiatric conditions
differ between males and females. To understand the causes and consequences of sex�…

In 2001 the Institute of Medicine, a branch of the National Academy of Sciences in the USA,
concluded that many aspects of both normal and pathological brain functioning exhibit�…

Despite decades of research, we do not know the functional significance of most sex
differences in the brain. We are heavily invested in the idea that sex differences in brain�…

A substantial number of studies provide evidence documenting a variety of sex differences
in the brain. It remains unclear whether sexual differentiation at the neural level is related to�…

At a population level, women and men differ in a wide variety of behavioral traits and in the
probabilities of developing certain mental disorders. Some of these sex differences may be�…

A rapidly burgeoning literature documents copious sex influences on brain anatomy,
chemistry and function. This article highlights some of the more intriguing recent discoveries�…

Sex differences in the human brain are of interest for many reasons: for example, there are
sex differences in the observed prevalence of psychiatric disorders and in some�…

In the fifty years since the organizational hypothesis was proposed, many sex differences
have been found in behavior as well as structure of the brain that depend on the�…

The paper reviews the relations between sex and brain in light of the binary
conceptualization of these relations and the challenges posed to it by the�…

With the explosion of neuroimaging, differences between male and female brains have been
exhaustively analyzed. Here we synthesize three decades of human MRI and postmortem�…