Recent advances in our understanding of the neural bases of the brain's structure (s) have
critically shaped research on second language (L2) and bilingualism. The emergence and�…

Over the past decade, functional neuroimaging technologies such as positron emission
tomography and functional magnetic resonance imaging have enabled neuroscientists to�…

A basic issue in the neuroscience of language is whether the neural representation of L2
converges with that of L1. In this chapter we review data from functional and structural�…

Advances in neuroimaging techniques and analytic methods have led to a proliferation of
studies investigating the impact of bilingualism on the cognitive and brain systems in�…

The neuroanatomical bases of bilingualism have recently received intensive attention.
However, it is still a matter of debate how the brain structure changes due to bilingual�…

This chapter discusses the use of functional neuroimaging to investigate second language
(L2) brain organization. The chapter begins with some historical perspective, including an�…

The human brain has been uniquely equipped with the remarkable ability to acquire more
than one language, as in bilingual individuals. Previous neuroimaging studies have�…

The brain has an extraordinary ability to functionally and physically change or reconfigure its
structure in response to environmental stimulus, cognitive demand, or behavioral�…

Research in bilingualism has received tremendous scholarly and public attention in the
recent decade. Advancements in neuroimaging techniques allowed researchers to ask�…

Several streams of research provide us information about the brains of bilinguals: direct
localizationist studies, studies that focus on individual differences, and studies that focus on�…